CNC Machine Tools: The Core Force in Modern Machining
I. Intshayelelo
Kwinkalo yokwenziwa koomatshini namhlanje, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ngokungathandabuzekiyo zihlala kwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuvela kwabo kuyitshintshe ngokupheleleyo indlela yemveli yokwenza oomatshini, ukuzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwishishini lemveliso. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC bezisoloko ziphuhlisa kwaye zivela, zibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwimveliso yale mihla, zinefuthe elimandla kwiipateni zophuhliso lwamashishini amaninzi anje nge-aerospace, ukuvelisa iimoto, ishishini lokwakha iinqanawa, kunye nokusetyenzwa komngundo.
Kwinkalo yokwenziwa koomatshini namhlanje, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ngokungathandabuzekiyo zihlala kwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuvela kwabo kuyitshintshe ngokupheleleyo indlela yemveli yokwenza oomatshini, ukuzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwishishini lemveliso. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC bezisoloko ziphuhlisa kwaye zivela, zibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwimveliso yale mihla, zinefuthe elimandla kwiipateni zophuhliso lwamashishini amaninzi anje nge-aerospace, ukuvelisa iimoto, ishishini lokwakha iinqanawa, kunye nokusetyenzwa komngundo.
II. Inkcazo kunye nezixhobo zeCNC Machine Tools
Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zizixhobo zoomatshini ezifezekisa umatshini ozenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokulawula idijithali. Ikakhulu ibandakanya la malungu alandelayo:
Umzimba weSixhobo soMtshini: Ubandakanya izinto zoomatshini ezifana nebhedi, ikholamu, i-spindle, kunye netafile yokusebenza. Sisakhiwo esisisiseko sesixhobo somatshini, ukubonelela ngeqonga elizinzileyo lomatshini wokwenza oomatshini. Uyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nokuchaneka kokuvelisa kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwesixhobo somatshini. Ngokomzekelo, i-spindle ephezulu echanekileyo inokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesixhobo sokusika ngexesha lokujikeleza kwesantya esiphezulu, ukunciphisa iimpazamo zomatshini.
Inkqubo ye-CNC: Le nxalenye yolawulo oluphambili lwezixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC, ezilingana "nobuchopho" besixhobo somatshini. Inokufumana kwaye iqhube imiyalelo yeprogram, ilawula ngokuchanekileyo i-trajectory yentshukumo, isantya, izinga lokutya, njl njl. yesixhobo somatshini. Iinkqubo eziphucukileyo ze-CNC ziphethe izakhono zekhompyutha ezinamandla kunye nemisebenzi etyebileyo, efana nolawulo lwe-multi-axis ngaxeshanye, imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo, kunye nolawulo lokutshintsha isixhobo oluzenzekelayo. Umzekelo, kwiziko lomatshini elinee-axis ezintlanu ngaxeshanye, inkqubo ye-CNC inokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukushukuma kwee-axes ezilungelelanisiweyo ezintlanu ngaxeshanye ukufezekisa ukwenziwa kwemigangatho egobileyo.
I-Drive System: Ibandakanya ii-motor kunye nabaqhubi, abajongene nokuguqula imiyalelo yenkqubo ye-CNC kwintshukumo yangempela ye-axis yokulungelelanisa nganye yesixhobo somatshini. Iinjini zokuqhuba eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukunyathela iinjini kunye neenjini ze-servo. Iinjini ze-Servo zinokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nesantya sokuphendula, ezikwaziyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka okuphezulu komatshini. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lomatshini okhawulezayo, iimotor ze-servo zinokukhawuleza kwaye zilungelelanise ngokuchanekileyo indawo kunye nesantya setafile yokusebenza.
Izixhobo zokufumanisa: Zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iiparameters ezifana nesikhundla sokunyakaza kunye nesantya sesixhobo somatshini, kunye nokubuyisela iziphumo zokufumanisa kwinkqubo ye-CNC ukufezekisa ulawulo oluvaliweyo kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka komatshini. Umzekelo, isikali segrafti sinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukufuduswa kwetafile yokusebenza, kwaye i-encoder inokubona isantya sokujikeleza kunye nesikhundla se-spindle.
Izixhobo ezincedisayo: Njengeenkqubo zokupholisa, iinkqubo zokuthambisa, iinkqubo zokususa i-chip, izixhobo ezizenzekelayo zokutshintsha izixhobo, njl. inkqubo yokuthambisa iqinisekisa ukuthambisa okulungileyo kwindawo nganye ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini, ukunciphisa ukunxiba; inkqubo yokususa itshiphu icoca ngokukhawuleza iitshiphusi ezenziwe ngexesha lokucoca, iqinisekisa indawo ecocekileyo yokucoca kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini; isixhobo sokutshintsha isixhobo esizenzekelayo siphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenziwa kwemisebenzi emininzi yeenxalenye ezinzima.
Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zizixhobo zoomatshini ezifezekisa umatshini ozenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokulawula idijithali. Ikakhulu ibandakanya la malungu alandelayo:
Umzimba weSixhobo soMtshini: Ubandakanya izinto zoomatshini ezifana nebhedi, ikholamu, i-spindle, kunye netafile yokusebenza. Sisakhiwo esisisiseko sesixhobo somatshini, ukubonelela ngeqonga elizinzileyo lomatshini wokwenza oomatshini. Uyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nokuchaneka kokuvelisa kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwesixhobo somatshini. Ngokomzekelo, i-spindle ephezulu echanekileyo inokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesixhobo sokusika ngexesha lokujikeleza kwesantya esiphezulu, ukunciphisa iimpazamo zomatshini.
Inkqubo ye-CNC: Le nxalenye yolawulo oluphambili lwezixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC, ezilingana "nobuchopho" besixhobo somatshini. Inokufumana kwaye iqhube imiyalelo yeprogram, ilawula ngokuchanekileyo i-trajectory yentshukumo, isantya, izinga lokutya, njl njl. yesixhobo somatshini. Iinkqubo eziphucukileyo ze-CNC ziphethe izakhono zekhompyutha ezinamandla kunye nemisebenzi etyebileyo, efana nolawulo lwe-multi-axis ngaxeshanye, imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo, kunye nolawulo lokutshintsha isixhobo oluzenzekelayo. Umzekelo, kwiziko lomatshini elinee-axis ezintlanu ngaxeshanye, inkqubo ye-CNC inokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukushukuma kwee-axes ezilungelelanisiweyo ezintlanu ngaxeshanye ukufezekisa ukwenziwa kwemigangatho egobileyo.
I-Drive System: Ibandakanya ii-motor kunye nabaqhubi, abajongene nokuguqula imiyalelo yenkqubo ye-CNC kwintshukumo yangempela ye-axis yokulungelelanisa nganye yesixhobo somatshini. Iinjini zokuqhuba eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukunyathela iinjini kunye neenjini ze-servo. Iinjini ze-Servo zinokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nesantya sokuphendula, ezikwaziyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka okuphezulu komatshini. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lomatshini okhawulezayo, iimotor ze-servo zinokukhawuleza kwaye zilungelelanise ngokuchanekileyo indawo kunye nesantya setafile yokusebenza.
Izixhobo zokufumanisa: Zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iiparameters ezifana nesikhundla sokunyakaza kunye nesantya sesixhobo somatshini, kunye nokubuyisela iziphumo zokufumanisa kwinkqubo ye-CNC ukufezekisa ulawulo oluvaliweyo kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka komatshini. Umzekelo, isikali segrafti sinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukufuduswa kwetafile yokusebenza, kwaye i-encoder inokubona isantya sokujikeleza kunye nesikhundla se-spindle.
Izixhobo ezincedisayo: Njengeenkqubo zokupholisa, iinkqubo zokuthambisa, iinkqubo zokususa i-chip, izixhobo ezizenzekelayo zokutshintsha izixhobo, njl. inkqubo yokuthambisa iqinisekisa ukuthambisa okulungileyo kwindawo nganye ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini, ukunciphisa ukunxiba; inkqubo yokususa itshiphu icoca ngokukhawuleza iitshiphusi ezenziwe ngexesha lokucoca, iqinisekisa indawo ecocekileyo yokucoca kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini; isixhobo sokutshintsha isixhobo esizenzekelayo siphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenziwa kwemisebenzi emininzi yeenxalenye ezinzima.
III. Umgaqo wokuSebenza we-CNC Machine Tools
Umgaqo osebenzayo wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC usekelwe kwi-teknoloji yokulawula idijithali. Okokuqala, ngokweemfuno zobuchwephesha zenxalenye, sebenzisa isoftware yobuchwephesha bokucwangcisa okanye ubhale ngesandla iinkqubo zeCNC. Inkqubo iqulethe ulwazi olufana neeparitha zobuchwepheshe, indlela yesixhobo, kunye nemiyalelo eshukumayo yecandelo lomatshini, elimelwe ngendlela yeekhowudi. Emva koko, faka inkqubo ye-CNC ebhaliweyo kwisixhobo se-CNC ngokusebenzisa i-carrier yolwazi (njenge-USB disk, uxhumano lwenethiwekhi, njl.). Isixhobo se-CNC sichaza kwaye senza inkqubo ye-arithmetic kwiprogram, ukuguqula imiyalelo yekhowudi kwiprogram ibe yimiqondiso yokulawula intshukumo kwi-axis yokulungelelanisa nganye yesixhobo somatshini kunye nezinye iimpawu zokulawula ezincedisayo. Inkqubo yokuqhuba iqhuba iimotor ukuba zisebenze ngokwale miqondiso yokulawula, ukuqhuba ii-axes ezilungelelanisiweyo zesixhobo somatshini ukuhamba ecaleni kwendlela ebekwe ngaphambili kunye nesantya, ngelixa ulawula isantya sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, ukutya kwesixhobo sokusika, kunye nezinye izenzo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, izixhobo zokufumanisa zibeka iliso kwisimo sokunyakaza kunye neeparitha zomatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngexesha langempela kwaye udlulise ulwazi lwempendulo kwisixhobo se-CNC. Isixhobo se-CNC senza uhlengahlengiso lwexesha langempela kunye nezilungiso ngokwengxelo yengxelo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komatshini kunye nomgangatho. Ekugqibeleni, isixhobo somatshini sigqibezela ngokuzenzekelayo ukucwangciswa kwenxalenye ngokweemfuno zeprogram, ukufumana inxalenye egqityiweyo ehlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo woyilo.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC usekelwe kwi-teknoloji yokulawula idijithali. Okokuqala, ngokweemfuno zobuchwephesha zenxalenye, sebenzisa isoftware yobuchwephesha bokucwangcisa okanye ubhale ngesandla iinkqubo zeCNC. Inkqubo iqulethe ulwazi olufana neeparitha zobuchwepheshe, indlela yesixhobo, kunye nemiyalelo eshukumayo yecandelo lomatshini, elimelwe ngendlela yeekhowudi. Emva koko, faka inkqubo ye-CNC ebhaliweyo kwisixhobo se-CNC ngokusebenzisa i-carrier yolwazi (njenge-USB disk, uxhumano lwenethiwekhi, njl.). Isixhobo se-CNC sichaza kwaye senza inkqubo ye-arithmetic kwiprogram, ukuguqula imiyalelo yekhowudi kwiprogram ibe yimiqondiso yokulawula intshukumo kwi-axis yokulungelelanisa nganye yesixhobo somatshini kunye nezinye iimpawu zokulawula ezincedisayo. Inkqubo yokuqhuba iqhuba iimotor ukuba zisebenze ngokwale miqondiso yokulawula, ukuqhuba ii-axes ezilungelelanisiweyo zesixhobo somatshini ukuhamba ecaleni kwendlela ebekwe ngaphambili kunye nesantya, ngelixa ulawula isantya sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, ukutya kwesixhobo sokusika, kunye nezinye izenzo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, izixhobo zokufumanisa zibeka iliso kwisimo sokunyakaza kunye neeparitha zomatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngexesha langempela kwaye udlulise ulwazi lwempendulo kwisixhobo se-CNC. Isixhobo se-CNC senza uhlengahlengiso lwexesha langempela kunye nezilungiso ngokwengxelo yengxelo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komatshini kunye nomgangatho. Ekugqibeleni, isixhobo somatshini sigqibezela ngokuzenzekelayo ukucwangciswa kwenxalenye ngokweemfuno zeprogram, ukufumana inxalenye egqityiweyo ehlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo woyilo.
IV. Iimpawu kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwi-CNC Machine Tools
Ukuchaneka okuPhakamileyo: Izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zinokufezekisa ukuchaneka kwe-machining kwi-micron okanye nakwizinga le-nanometer ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo ye-CNC kunye nokufumanisa okuchanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zempendulo. Umzekelo, kumatshini weencakuba ze-aero-injini, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokuchwetheza ngokuthe ngqo iindawo ezigobileyo zeencakuba, ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka kobume kunye nomgangatho womphezulu weencakuba, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwe-injini.
Ubuchule obuphezulu: Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo kunye namandla okuphendula ngokukhawuleza, okwenza imisebenzi efana nokusika ngesantya esiphezulu, ukutya okukhawulezayo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwesixhobo esizenzekelayo, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lomatshini wamacandelo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zoomatshini bemveli, ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini kunokongezwa amatyeli aliqela okanye amatyeli amaninzi. Umzekelo, kwimveliso yobuninzi yamalungu emoto, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokugqiba ngokukhawuleza ukucwangciswa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo anzima, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso enkulu kwishishini leemoto.
Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu: Izixhobo zomshini we-CNC ziyakwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokulula iimfuno zokutshiza zamacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokuguqula inkqubo ye-CNC, ngaphandle kwesidingo sohlengahlengiso olunzima lwezixhobo kunye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo somatshini wesixhobo somatshini. Oku kwenza ukuba amashishini aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiinguqu zemarike kwaye aqonde iindidi ezininzi, imveliso yeebhetshi ezincinci. Ngokomzekelo, kumashishini okuvelisa i-mold, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokuhlengahlengisa ngokukhawuleza iiparitha ze-machining kunye neendlela zesixhobo ngokweemfuno zoyilo lweemolds ezahlukeneyo, ukwenza iimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu beendawo zokubumba.
Ukuhambelana kakuhle kweMichining: Ekubeni umatshini wezixhobo ze-CNC zomatshini ngokwenkqubo yokusetwa kwangaphambili, kunye neeparitha ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokucoca zihlala zizinzile, zinokuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho womatshini weqela elifanayo leenxalenye zihambelana kakhulu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukuchaneka kwendibano kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwemveliso. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-machining yeendawo ezichanekileyo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zinokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wecandelo ngalinye ziyafana, ukuphucula izinga lokuphumelela kunye nokuthembeka kwemveliso.
Ukucuthwa koBunzulu boMsebenzi: Inkqubo yomatshini ozenzekelayo wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC unciphisa ukungenelela kwabantu. Abaqhubi badinga kuphela ukufaka iinkqubo, ukubeka esweni, kunye nokwenza imisebenzi elula yokulayisha kunye nokukhupha, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuqina kwabasebenzi. Kwangaxeshanye, ikwanciphisa iimpazamo zomatshini kunye neengxaki zomgangatho obangelwa yimiba yabantu.
Ukuchaneka okuPhakamileyo: Izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zinokufezekisa ukuchaneka kwe-machining kwi-micron okanye nakwizinga le-nanometer ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo ye-CNC kunye nokufumanisa okuchanekileyo kunye nezixhobo zempendulo. Umzekelo, kumatshini weencakuba ze-aero-injini, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokuchwetheza ngokuthe ngqo iindawo ezigobileyo zeencakuba, ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka kobume kunye nomgangatho womphezulu weencakuba, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwe-injini.
Ubuchule obuphezulu: Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo kunye namandla okuphendula ngokukhawuleza, okwenza imisebenzi efana nokusika ngesantya esiphezulu, ukutya okukhawulezayo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwesixhobo esizenzekelayo, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lomatshini wamacandelo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zoomatshini bemveli, ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini kunokongezwa amatyeli aliqela okanye amatyeli amaninzi. Umzekelo, kwimveliso yobuninzi yamalungu emoto, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokugqiba ngokukhawuleza ukucwangciswa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo anzima, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso enkulu kwishishini leemoto.
Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu: Izixhobo zomshini we-CNC ziyakwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokulula iimfuno zokutshiza zamacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokuguqula inkqubo ye-CNC, ngaphandle kwesidingo sohlengahlengiso olunzima lwezixhobo kunye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo somatshini wesixhobo somatshini. Oku kwenza ukuba amashishini aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiinguqu zemarike kwaye aqonde iindidi ezininzi, imveliso yeebhetshi ezincinci. Ngokomzekelo, kumashishini okuvelisa i-mold, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokuhlengahlengisa ngokukhawuleza iiparitha ze-machining kunye neendlela zesixhobo ngokweemfuno zoyilo lweemolds ezahlukeneyo, ukwenza iimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu beendawo zokubumba.
Ukuhambelana kakuhle kweMichining: Ekubeni umatshini wezixhobo ze-CNC zomatshini ngokwenkqubo yokusetwa kwangaphambili, kunye neeparitha ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokucoca zihlala zizinzile, zinokuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho womatshini weqela elifanayo leenxalenye zihambelana kakhulu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukuchaneka kwendibano kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwemveliso. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-machining yeendawo ezichanekileyo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zinokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wecandelo ngalinye ziyafana, ukuphucula izinga lokuphumelela kunye nokuthembeka kwemveliso.
Ukucuthwa koBunzulu boMsebenzi: Inkqubo yomatshini ozenzekelayo wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC unciphisa ukungenelela kwabantu. Abaqhubi badinga kuphela ukufaka iinkqubo, ukubeka esweni, kunye nokwenza imisebenzi elula yokulayisha kunye nokukhupha, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuqina kwabasebenzi. Kwangaxeshanye, ikwanciphisa iimpazamo zomatshini kunye neengxaki zomgangatho obangelwa yimiba yabantu.
V. Ukuhlelwa kweZixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC
Ukuhlelwa ngokweNkqubo yeSicelo:
I-Metal Cutting CNC Machine Tools: Ezinje ngeelathe ze-CNC, oomatshini bokugaya i-CNC, oomatshini bokubhobhoza be-CNC, oomatshini bokudinwa be-CNC, oomatshini bokusila be-CNC, oomatshini bomatshini bomatshini begiya be-CNC, njl.njl. Zisetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukusika iinxalenye zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo kwaye zinomatshini iimpawu zemilo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenqwelomoya, indawo egobileyo, imisonto, imicu, imingxuma. Ngokomzekelo, iileyile ze-CNC zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-shaft kunye neengxenye zediski; Oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC balungele ukwenziwa kweenqwelomoya ezinokwakheka okuntsokothileyo kunye neendawo ezigobileyo.
I-Metal Forming CNC Machine Tools: Kubandakanya oomatshini bokugoba be-CNC, oomatshini bokugoba be-CNC, oomatshini bokugoba ityhubhu ye-CNC, njl.njl. Zisetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukwenziwa kwamaphepha esinyithi kunye neetyhubhu, njengokugoba, ukugoba, kunye neenkqubo zokugoba. Ngokomzekelo, kwishishini lokulungisa i-sheet metal, umatshini wokugoba we-CNC unokugoba ngokuchanekileyo amacwecwe esinyithi ngokwe-angle ebekiweyo kunye nobukhulu, ukuvelisa iimilo ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo esinyithi.
Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomatshini we-CNC wokutshiza: Njenge-CNC yokukhutshwa kombane koomatshini be-machining, oomatshini bokusika i-CNC, oomatshini be-laser be-CNC, njl. Zisetyenziselwa umatshini ezinye iindawo ezinomsebenzi okhethekileyo okanye iimfuno zemilo, ukufezekisa ukususwa kwezinto okanye umatshini ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokutshiza ezifana nokukhutshwa kombane kunye ne-laser beam irradiation. Umzekelo, umatshini womatshini wokukhutshwa kombane we-CNC unomatshini wobunzima obuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu kweendawo zokubumba, ukuba nesicelo esibalulekileyo kwimveliso yokubumba.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-CNC Machine Tools: Ezinje ngoomatshini bokulinganisa be-CNC, oomatshini bokudweba be-CNC, njl. Basetyenziselwa umsebenzi oncedisayo njengomlinganiselo wenxalenye, ukufumanisa, kunye nokudweba.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweNkqubo yeSicelo:
I-Metal Cutting CNC Machine Tools: Ezinje ngeelathe ze-CNC, oomatshini bokugaya i-CNC, oomatshini bokubhobhoza be-CNC, oomatshini bokudinwa be-CNC, oomatshini bokusila be-CNC, oomatshini bomatshini bomatshini begiya be-CNC, njl.njl. Zisetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukusika iinxalenye zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo kwaye zinomatshini iimpawu zemilo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenqwelomoya, indawo egobileyo, imisonto, imicu, imingxuma. Ngokomzekelo, iileyile ze-CNC zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-shaft kunye neengxenye zediski; Oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC balungele ukwenziwa kweenqwelomoya ezinokwakheka okuntsokothileyo kunye neendawo ezigobileyo.
I-Metal Forming CNC Machine Tools: Kubandakanya oomatshini bokugoba be-CNC, oomatshini bokugoba be-CNC, oomatshini bokugoba ityhubhu ye-CNC, njl.njl. Zisetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukwenziwa kwamaphepha esinyithi kunye neetyhubhu, njengokugoba, ukugoba, kunye neenkqubo zokugoba. Ngokomzekelo, kwishishini lokulungisa i-sheet metal, umatshini wokugoba we-CNC unokugoba ngokuchanekileyo amacwecwe esinyithi ngokwe-angle ebekiweyo kunye nobukhulu, ukuvelisa iimilo ezahlukeneyo zamacandelo esinyithi.
Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomatshini we-CNC wokutshiza: Njenge-CNC yokukhutshwa kombane koomatshini be-machining, oomatshini bokusika i-CNC, oomatshini be-laser be-CNC, njl. Zisetyenziselwa umatshini ezinye iindawo ezinomsebenzi okhethekileyo okanye iimfuno zemilo, ukufezekisa ukususwa kwezinto okanye umatshini ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokutshiza ezifana nokukhutshwa kombane kunye ne-laser beam irradiation. Umzekelo, umatshini womatshini wokukhutshwa kombane we-CNC unomatshini wobunzima obuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu kweendawo zokubumba, ukuba nesicelo esibalulekileyo kwimveliso yokubumba.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-CNC Machine Tools: Ezinje ngoomatshini bokulinganisa be-CNC, oomatshini bokudweba be-CNC, njl. Basetyenziselwa umsebenzi oncedisayo njengomlinganiselo wenxalenye, ukufumanisa, kunye nokudweba.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweNdlela eLawulwayo yeNtshukumo:
I-Point-to-Point Control CNC Machine Tools: Balawula kuphela indawo echanekileyo yesixhobo sokusika ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela umkhondo wesixhobo sokusika ngexesha lokuhamba, ezifana ne-CNC drill presses, i-CNC yokutshiza oomatshini, oomatshini bokubhobhoza be-CNC, njl. umsebenzi wokugaya, ngaphandle kweemfuno ezingqongqo kwimilo yendlela ehambayo.
Ulawulo lwe-CNC Machine Tools: Abakwazi ukulawula kuphela indawo yokuqala kunye nokuphela kwesixhobo sokusika okanye i-worktable kodwa kunye nokulawula isantya kunye ne-trajectory yentshukumo yabo yomgca, ekwazi ukwenza i-shafts stepped shafts, i-contours yendiza, njl. indlela.
I-Contour Control CNC Machine Tools: Ziyakwazi ukulawula ngaxeshanye ii-axes ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zokulungelelanisa ngokuqhubekayo, ukwenza intshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kwesixhobo sokusika kunye ne-workpiece ihlangabezane neemfuno ze-curve ye-contour ye-part, ekwazi ukwenza ii-curves ezahlukeneyo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye neendawo ezigobileyo. Umzekelo, oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC, amaziko omatshini, kunye nezinye izixhobo zomatshini womatshini we-CNC we-multi-axis ngaxeshanye unomatshini wokucoca indawo ekhululekileyo kwiindawo ze-aerospace, imingxunya yokubumba imoto, njl.
I-Point-to-Point Control CNC Machine Tools: Balawula kuphela indawo echanekileyo yesixhobo sokusika ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela umkhondo wesixhobo sokusika ngexesha lokuhamba, ezifana ne-CNC drill presses, i-CNC yokutshiza oomatshini, oomatshini bokubhobhoza be-CNC, njl. umsebenzi wokugaya, ngaphandle kweemfuno ezingqongqo kwimilo yendlela ehambayo.
Ulawulo lwe-CNC Machine Tools: Abakwazi ukulawula kuphela indawo yokuqala kunye nokuphela kwesixhobo sokusika okanye i-worktable kodwa kunye nokulawula isantya kunye ne-trajectory yentshukumo yabo yomgca, ekwazi ukwenza i-shafts stepped shafts, i-contours yendiza, njl. indlela.
I-Contour Control CNC Machine Tools: Ziyakwazi ukulawula ngaxeshanye ii-axes ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zokulungelelanisa ngokuqhubekayo, ukwenza intshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kwesixhobo sokusika kunye ne-workpiece ihlangabezane neemfuno ze-curve ye-contour ye-part, ekwazi ukwenza ii-curves ezahlukeneyo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye neendawo ezigobileyo. Umzekelo, oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC, amaziko omatshini, kunye nezinye izixhobo zomatshini womatshini we-CNC we-multi-axis ngaxeshanye unomatshini wokucoca indawo ekhululekileyo kwiindawo ze-aerospace, imingxunya yokubumba imoto, njl.
Ukuhlelwa ngokweempawu zeDrive Devices:
I-Open-Loop Control ye-CNC Machine Tools: Akukho sixhobo sempendulo yokubona indawo. Iimpawu zomyalelo ezikhutshwe yinkqubo ye-CNC zithunyelwa ngokungafaniyo kwisixhobo sokuqhuba ukulawula ukunyakaza kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuchaneka kwayo ngomatshini ikakhulu kuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni komatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngokwawo kunye nokuchaneka kwemoto yokuqhuba. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo somatshini lunesakhiwo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ukuchaneka okuphantsi, okufanelekileyo kwizihlandlo ezineemfuno zokuchaneka komatshini ophantsi, njengezixhobo ezithile zokufundisa ezilula okanye ukucwangciswa kwamacandelo aneemfuno ezichanekileyo ezisezantsi.
Izixhobo ze-CNC zokulawula i-Loop evaliweyo: Isixhobo sokujonga ingxelo yesikhundla sifakwe kwindawo ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini ukufumanisa indawo yokunyakaza yesixhobo somatshini ngexesha langempela kunye nokubuyisela iziphumo zokufumanisa kwinkqubo ye-CNC. Inkqubo ye-CNC ithelekisa kwaye ibala ulwazi lwengxelo kunye nomqondiso womyalelo, ulungelelanisa umphumo wesixhobo sokuqhuba, ngaloo ndlela ufezekise ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwentshukumo yesixhobo somatshini. Izixhobo zoomatshini ezivaliweyo ze-CNC zinomatshini ophezulu wokuchaneka, kodwa isakhiwo senkqubo sinzima, iindleko ziphezulu, kwaye ukulungiswa kwempazamo kunye nokugcinwa kunzima, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwiimeko zokuchaneka okuphezulu, njenge-aerospace, ukuveliswa kwe-mold ngokuchanekileyo, njl.
I-Semi-Closed-Loop Control ye-CNC Machine Tools: Isixhobo sempendulo yokufumanisa isikhundla sifakwe ekupheleni kwe-motor drive okanye ekupheleni kwe-screw, ukufumanisa i-angle yokujikeleza okanye ukufuduka kwe-motor okanye i-screw, ngokungathanga ngqo ukuchasa indawo yendawo ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini. Ukuchaneka kokulawula kwayo kuphakathi kwe-open-loop kunye ne-closed-loop. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo somatshini lunolwakhiwo olulula, ixabiso eliphakathi, kunye nolungiso olufanelekileyo, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumatshini wokwenza izinto.
I-Open-Loop Control ye-CNC Machine Tools: Akukho sixhobo sempendulo yokubona indawo. Iimpawu zomyalelo ezikhutshwe yinkqubo ye-CNC zithunyelwa ngokungafaniyo kwisixhobo sokuqhuba ukulawula ukunyakaza kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuchaneka kwayo ngomatshini ikakhulu kuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni komatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngokwawo kunye nokuchaneka kwemoto yokuqhuba. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo somatshini lunesakhiwo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ukuchaneka okuphantsi, okufanelekileyo kwizihlandlo ezineemfuno zokuchaneka komatshini ophantsi, njengezixhobo ezithile zokufundisa ezilula okanye ukucwangciswa kwamacandelo aneemfuno ezichanekileyo ezisezantsi.
Izixhobo ze-CNC zokulawula i-Loop evaliweyo: Isixhobo sokujonga ingxelo yesikhundla sifakwe kwindawo ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini ukufumanisa indawo yokunyakaza yesixhobo somatshini ngexesha langempela kunye nokubuyisela iziphumo zokufumanisa kwinkqubo ye-CNC. Inkqubo ye-CNC ithelekisa kwaye ibala ulwazi lwengxelo kunye nomqondiso womyalelo, ulungelelanisa umphumo wesixhobo sokuqhuba, ngaloo ndlela ufezekise ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwentshukumo yesixhobo somatshini. Izixhobo zoomatshini ezivaliweyo ze-CNC zinomatshini ophezulu wokuchaneka, kodwa isakhiwo senkqubo sinzima, iindleko ziphezulu, kwaye ukulungiswa kwempazamo kunye nokugcinwa kunzima, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwiimeko zokuchaneka okuphezulu, njenge-aerospace, ukuveliswa kwe-mold ngokuchanekileyo, njl.
I-Semi-Closed-Loop Control ye-CNC Machine Tools: Isixhobo sempendulo yokufumanisa isikhundla sifakwe ekupheleni kwe-motor drive okanye ekupheleni kwe-screw, ukufumanisa i-angle yokujikeleza okanye ukufuduka kwe-motor okanye i-screw, ngokungathanga ngqo ukuchasa indawo yendawo ehambayo yesixhobo somatshini. Ukuchaneka kokulawula kwayo kuphakathi kwe-open-loop kunye ne-closed-loop. Olu hlobo lwesixhobo somatshini lunolwakhiwo olulula, ixabiso eliphakathi, kunye nolungiso olufanelekileyo, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumatshini wokwenza izinto.
VI. Usetyenziso lweZixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kwiMveliso yanamhlanje
I-Aerospace Field: Amalungu e-Aerospace aneempawu ezinjengeemilo ezintsonkothileyo, iimfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo, kunye nezixhobo ezinzima kumatshini. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, kunye ne-multi-axis ngaxeshanye amandla omatshini omatshini we-CNC abenza izixhobo eziphambili kwimveliso ye-aerospace. Umzekelo, amacandelo afana neencakuba, ii-impellers, nee-casings ze-injini zenqwelo-moya zinokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngoomatshini abanemigangatho egobileyo entsonkothileyo kunye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi kusetyenziswa iziko lomatshini elinee-axis ezintlanu ngaxeshanye, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwamalungu; izinto ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana namaphiko eenqwelo-moya kunye nezakhelo ze-fuselage zingenziwa ngoomatshini bokugaya i-gantry ye-CNC kunye nezinye izixhobo, ukuhlangabezana nokuchaneka kwabo okuphezulu kunye neemfuno zamandla aphezulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokhuseleko lwendiza.
INdawo yokuVelisa iimoto: Umzi-mveliso weemoto unomlinganiselo omkhulu wemveliso kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zamacandelo. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenziweni kwamalungu emoto, anjengokwenza izinto ezingundoqo ezifana neebhloko ze-injini, iintloko ze-cylinder, ii-crankshafts, kunye nee-camshafts, kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezibumba umzimba wemoto. I-CNC lathes, i-CNC milling machines, amaziko omatshini, njl.njl inokufezekisa umatshini ochanekileyo kunye nochanekileyo ophezulu, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwamacandelo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwendibano kunye nokusebenza kwemoto. Kwangaxeshanye, amandla omatshini oguquguqukayo wezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC nawo ahlangabezana neemfuno zeemodeli ezininzi, imveliso encinci kwishishini leemoto, ukunceda amashishini eemoto ukuba aqalise ngokukhawuleza iimodeli ezintsha kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kwabo kwimarike.
INdawo yoShishino lolwakhiwo lweenqanawa: Ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zentsimbi enkulu, ezifana namacandelo eenqanawa kunye neepropeller zeenqanawa. Izixhobo zokusika i-CNC (ezifana ne-CNC i-flame cutters, i-CNC plasma cutters) inokunqumla ngokuchanekileyo iiplate zetsimbi, ziqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuchaneka kwe-dimensional of cutting edges; Oomatshini bokusila be-CNC boring, oomatshini be-CNC gantry, njl.
I-Mold Processing Field: Ii-Molds ziyinkqubo eyisiseko yezixhobo kwimveliso yemveliso, kwaye ukuchaneka kwabo kunye nomgangatho kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumatshini wokubumba. Ukusuka kwi-machining rough ukuya kwi-machining emihle yokubumba, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zingasetyenziselwa ukugqiba. Umzekelo, iziko lomatshini le-CNC linokwenza i-multi-process machining njengokugaya, ukubhola, kunye nokucofa kwi-mold cavity; I-CNC yokukhutshwa kombane koomatshini bomatshini bokusika kunye noomatshini bokusika i-CNC basetyenziselwa umatshini ezinye iindawo ezinobumba obukhethekileyo kunye nezichanekileyo eziphezulu ze-mold, ezifana ne-grooves emxinwa kunye neekona ezibukhali, ezikwazi ukuvelisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukubumba okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-electronics, izixhobo zasekhaya, iimoto, njl njl.
Ummandla wolwazi lwe-elektroniki: Kukwenziwa kweemveliso zolwazi lwe-elektroniki, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zisetyenziselwa ukuchwetheza iindawo ezahlukeneyo ezichanekileyo, ezinje ngamaqokobhe eefowuni eziphathwayo, iibhodi zekhompyuter, i-chip packaging molds, njl. iimveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zombane ngokubhekiselele kwi-miniaturization, ukukhanya, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, iteknoloji ye-micro-machining yezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC iye yasetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ekwazi ukwenza i-micron-level okanye i-nanometer-level yezakhiwo ezincinci kunye neempawu.
I-Aerospace Field: Amalungu e-Aerospace aneempawu ezinjengeemilo ezintsonkothileyo, iimfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo, kunye nezixhobo ezinzima kumatshini. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu, kunye ne-multi-axis ngaxeshanye amandla omatshini omatshini we-CNC abenza izixhobo eziphambili kwimveliso ye-aerospace. Umzekelo, amacandelo afana neencakuba, ii-impellers, nee-casings ze-injini zenqwelo-moya zinokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngoomatshini abanemigangatho egobileyo entsonkothileyo kunye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi kusetyenziswa iziko lomatshini elinee-axis ezintlanu ngaxeshanye, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwamalungu; izinto ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana namaphiko eenqwelo-moya kunye nezakhelo ze-fuselage zingenziwa ngoomatshini bokugaya i-gantry ye-CNC kunye nezinye izixhobo, ukuhlangabezana nokuchaneka kwabo okuphezulu kunye neemfuno zamandla aphezulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokhuseleko lwendiza.
INdawo yokuVelisa iimoto: Umzi-mveliso weemoto unomlinganiselo omkhulu wemveliso kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zamacandelo. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenziweni kwamalungu emoto, anjengokwenza izinto ezingundoqo ezifana neebhloko ze-injini, iintloko ze-cylinder, ii-crankshafts, kunye nee-camshafts, kunye nokwenziwa kwezinto ezibumba umzimba wemoto. I-CNC lathes, i-CNC milling machines, amaziko omatshini, njl.njl inokufezekisa umatshini ochanekileyo kunye nochanekileyo ophezulu, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana kwamacandelo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwendibano kunye nokusebenza kwemoto. Kwangaxeshanye, amandla omatshini oguquguqukayo wezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC nawo ahlangabezana neemfuno zeemodeli ezininzi, imveliso encinci kwishishini leemoto, ukunceda amashishini eemoto ukuba aqalise ngokukhawuleza iimodeli ezintsha kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kwabo kwimarike.
INdawo yoShishino lolwakhiwo lweenqanawa: Ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zentsimbi enkulu, ezifana namacandelo eenqanawa kunye neepropeller zeenqanawa. Izixhobo zokusika i-CNC (ezifana ne-CNC i-flame cutters, i-CNC plasma cutters) inokunqumla ngokuchanekileyo iiplate zetsimbi, ziqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokuchaneka kwe-dimensional of cutting edges; Oomatshini bokusila be-CNC boring, oomatshini be-CNC gantry, njl.
I-Mold Processing Field: Ii-Molds ziyinkqubo eyisiseko yezixhobo kwimveliso yemveliso, kwaye ukuchaneka kwabo kunye nomgangatho kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumatshini wokubumba. Ukusuka kwi-machining rough ukuya kwi-machining emihle yokubumba, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zingasetyenziselwa ukugqiba. Umzekelo, iziko lomatshini le-CNC linokwenza i-multi-process machining njengokugaya, ukubhola, kunye nokucofa kwi-mold cavity; I-CNC yokukhutshwa kombane koomatshini bomatshini bokusika kunye noomatshini bokusika i-CNC basetyenziselwa umatshini ezinye iindawo ezinobumba obukhethekileyo kunye nezichanekileyo eziphezulu ze-mold, ezifana ne-grooves emxinwa kunye neekona ezibukhali, ezikwazi ukuvelisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukubumba okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-electronics, izixhobo zasekhaya, iimoto, njl njl.
Ummandla wolwazi lwe-elektroniki: Kukwenziwa kweemveliso zolwazi lwe-elektroniki, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zisetyenziselwa ukuchwetheza iindawo ezahlukeneyo ezichanekileyo, ezinje ngamaqokobhe eefowuni eziphathwayo, iibhodi zekhompyuter, i-chip packaging molds, njl. iimveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zombane ngokubhekiselele kwi-miniaturization, ukukhanya, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, iteknoloji ye-micro-machining yezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC iye yasetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ekwazi ukwenza i-micron-level okanye i-nanometer-level yezakhiwo ezincinci kunye neempawu.
VII. Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweZixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC
I-Speed-Speed and High-Precision: Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi yezinto kunye neteknoloji yokuvelisa, izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC ziya kuphuhlisa ngokubhekiselele kwisantya esiphezulu sokusika kunye nokuchaneka komatshini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezitsha zokusika izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokugquma, kunye nokulungiswa koyilo lwesakhiwo somatshini kunye ne-algorithms yolawulo oluphezulu, kuya kuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu kunye nokuchaneka komatshini wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Umzekelo, ukuphuhlisa iisistim ze-spindle ezinesantya esiphezulu, izikhokelo zomgca ezichanekileyo kunye ne-screw pair pairs, kunye nokwamkela ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zempendulo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula obukrelekrele ukuphumeza ukuchaneka kwe-sub-micron okanye kwinqanaba le-nanometer, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-ultra-precision machining fields.
Ubukrelekrele: Izixhobo zoomatshini bexesha elizayo be-CNC ziya kuba nemisebenzi eyomeleleyo yobukrelekrele. Ngokuzisa i-intelligence yokwenziwa, ukufundwa komatshini, uhlalutyo olukhulu lwedatha, njl. njl. iitekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokufezekisa imisebenzi efana nenkqubo ezenzekelayo, ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo ekrelekrele, ukulawula ukulungelelanisa, ukuxilongwa kwempazamo kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, isixhobo somatshini sinokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo ye-CNC ephuculweyo ngokwemodeli ye-dimensional yecandelo; ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, inokuzilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo iiparamitha zokusika ngokwexesha lokwenyani elibekwe esweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho womatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle; ngokuhlalutya idatha esebenzayo yesixhobo somatshini, inokuqikelela iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka kwangaphambili kwaye iqhube ukugcinwa kwexesha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesantya sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo somatshini.
I-Multi-Axis ngaxeshanye kunye neCompound: Itekhnoloji ye-multi-axis ngaxeshanye yomatshini iya kuphuhla ngakumbi, kwaye izixhobo zoomatshini ezingaphezulu ze-CNC ziya kuba ne-axis emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu kwangaxeshanye ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zexesha elinye lomatshini weendawo ezinzima. Kwangaxeshanye, idigri edityanisiweyo yesixhobo somatshini iya kukhula ngokuqhubekayo, ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi zomatshini kwisixhobo esinye somatshini, njengekhompawundi yokujika-yokusila, i-compound yokugaya, i-compound yokugaya, i-additive production kunye ne-subtractive yokuvelisa i-compound, njl. Umzekelo, iziko lomatshini lokujika elijikayo linokugqibezela umatshini wokwenza izinto ezininzi njengokujika, ukugaya, ukugrumba, kunye nokucofa iinxalenye zeshaft kwindawo enye, ukuphucula ukuchaneka komatshini kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wenxalenye.
Ukutyalwa kohlaza: Ngaphantsi kweemfuno ezingqongqo zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziya kunika ingqwalasela engakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kobugcisa bokuvelisa uhlaza. Uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokwamkelwa kweenkqubo zokulondoloza amandla okugcina amandla, ukupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokuthambisa, ukulungiswa koyilo lwesakhiwo somatshini ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye nenkunkuma yamandla, uphuhliso lokusikwa kwamanzi okusingqongileyo kunye neenkqubo zokusika, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokukhutshwa kwenkunkuma ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, ukuphumeza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Umzekelo, ukwamkela itekhnoloji ye-micro-lubrication okanye itekhnoloji yokusika eyomileyo ukunciphisa inani lokusika ulwelo olusetyenzisiweyo, ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo; ngokulungisa inkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nenkqubo yokulawula isixhobo somatshini, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omatshini womatshini.
Ukunxibelelana kunye noLwazi: Ngophuhliso lwe-Intanethi ye-Intanethi kunye ne-Intanethi yeTekhnoloji yeZinto, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziya kufezekisa unxibelelwano olunzulu kunye nenethiwekhi yangaphandle, ukwenza inethiwekhi yokuvelisa ekrelekrele. Ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, ukubeka iliso kude, ukusebenza okude, ukuxilongwa okude kunye nokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini kunokufezekiswa, kunye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kunye nenkqubo yokulawula imveliso yeshishini, inkqubo yoyilo lwemveliso, inkqubo yolawulo lokubonelela, njl., ukuphumeza ukuveliswa kwedijithali kunye nokuveliswa kwengqondo. Umzekelo, abaphathi bamashishini banokubeka iliso kude ilizwe eliqhubayo, inkqubela phambili yemveliso, kunye nomgangatho womatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngeefowuni eziphathwayo okanye iikhompyuter, kwaye uhlengahlengise isicwangciso sokuvelisa ngexesha; abavelisi bezixhobo zoomatshini banokugcina bekude kwaye baphucule izixhobo zoomatshini ezithengiswayo ngenethiwekhi, ukuphucula umgangatho wenkonzo emva kokuthengisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
I-Speed-Speed and High-Precision: Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi yezinto kunye neteknoloji yokuvelisa, izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC ziya kuphuhlisa ngokubhekiselele kwisantya esiphezulu sokusika kunye nokuchaneka komatshini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezitsha zokusika izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokugquma, kunye nokulungiswa koyilo lwesakhiwo somatshini kunye ne-algorithms yolawulo oluphezulu, kuya kuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu kunye nokuchaneka komatshini wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Umzekelo, ukuphuhlisa iisistim ze-spindle ezinesantya esiphezulu, izikhokelo zomgca ezichanekileyo kunye ne-screw pair pairs, kunye nokwamkela ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zempendulo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula obukrelekrele ukuphumeza ukuchaneka kwe-sub-micron okanye kwinqanaba le-nanometer, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-ultra-precision machining fields.
Ubukrelekrele: Izixhobo zoomatshini bexesha elizayo be-CNC ziya kuba nemisebenzi eyomeleleyo yobukrelekrele. Ngokuzisa i-intelligence yokwenziwa, ukufundwa komatshini, uhlalutyo olukhulu lwedatha, njl. njl. iitekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zinokufezekisa imisebenzi efana nenkqubo ezenzekelayo, ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo ekrelekrele, ukulawula ukulungelelanisa, ukuxilongwa kwempazamo kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, isixhobo somatshini sinokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo ye-CNC ephuculweyo ngokwemodeli ye-dimensional yecandelo; ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, inokuzilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo iiparamitha zokusika ngokwexesha lokwenyani elibekwe esweni ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho womatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle; ngokuhlalutya idatha esebenzayo yesixhobo somatshini, inokuqikelela iimpazamo ezinokwenzeka kwangaphambili kwaye iqhube ukugcinwa kwexesha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesantya sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo somatshini.
I-Multi-Axis ngaxeshanye kunye neCompound: Itekhnoloji ye-multi-axis ngaxeshanye yomatshini iya kuphuhla ngakumbi, kwaye izixhobo zoomatshini ezingaphezulu ze-CNC ziya kuba ne-axis emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu kwangaxeshanye ukukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zexesha elinye lomatshini weendawo ezinzima. Kwangaxeshanye, idigri edityanisiweyo yesixhobo somatshini iya kukhula ngokuqhubekayo, ukudibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi zomatshini kwisixhobo esinye somatshini, njengekhompawundi yokujika-yokusila, i-compound yokugaya, i-compound yokugaya, i-additive production kunye ne-subtractive yokuvelisa i-compound, njl. Umzekelo, iziko lomatshini lokujika elijikayo linokugqibezela umatshini wokwenza izinto ezininzi njengokujika, ukugaya, ukugrumba, kunye nokucofa iinxalenye zeshaft kwindawo enye, ukuphucula ukuchaneka komatshini kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wenxalenye.
Ukutyalwa kohlaza: Ngaphantsi kweemfuno ezingqongqo zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziya kunika ingqwalasela engakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kobugcisa bokuvelisa uhlaza. Uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokwamkelwa kweenkqubo zokulondoloza amandla okugcina amandla, ukupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokuthambisa, ukulungiswa koyilo lwesakhiwo somatshini ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye nenkunkuma yamandla, uphuhliso lokusikwa kwamanzi okusingqongileyo kunye neenkqubo zokusika, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokukhutshwa kwenkunkuma ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, ukuphumeza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Umzekelo, ukwamkela itekhnoloji ye-micro-lubrication okanye itekhnoloji yokusika eyomileyo ukunciphisa inani lokusika ulwelo olusetyenzisiweyo, ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo; ngokulungisa inkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nenkqubo yokulawula isixhobo somatshini, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omatshini womatshini.
Ukunxibelelana kunye noLwazi: Ngophuhliso lwe-Intanethi ye-Intanethi kunye ne-Intanethi yeTekhnoloji yeZinto, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziya kufezekisa unxibelelwano olunzulu kunye nenethiwekhi yangaphandle, ukwenza inethiwekhi yokuvelisa ekrelekrele. Ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, ukubeka iliso kude, ukusebenza okude, ukuxilongwa okude kunye nokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini kunokufezekiswa, kunye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kunye nenkqubo yokulawula imveliso yeshishini, inkqubo yoyilo lwemveliso, inkqubo yolawulo lokubonelela, njl., ukuphumeza ukuveliswa kwedijithali kunye nokuveliswa kwengqondo. Umzekelo, abaphathi bamashishini banokubeka iliso kude ilizwe eliqhubayo, inkqubela phambili yemveliso, kunye nomgangatho womatshini wesixhobo somatshini ngeefowuni eziphathwayo okanye iikhompyuter, kwaye uhlengahlengise isicwangciso sokuvelisa ngexesha; abavelisi bezixhobo zoomatshini banokugcina bekude kwaye baphucule izixhobo zoomatshini ezithengiswayo ngenethiwekhi, ukuphucula umgangatho wenkonzo emva kokuthengisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
VIII. Ukuqukumbela
Njengesixhobo esingundoqo kumatshini wanamhlanje, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, ezineempawu zabo ezimangalisayo njengokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana ne-aerospace, ukuveliswa kweemoto, ishishini lokwakha iinqanawa, ukusetyenzwa kwe-mold, kunye nolwazi lwe-elektroniki. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziphuhlisa kwisantya esiphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ubukrelekrele, i-axis eninzi ngaxeshanye kunye nekhompawundi, eluhlaza, ukunxibelelana kunye nokwazisa, njl. Amashishini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo iindlela zophuhliso lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, anyuse ubunzulu bophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokulinywa kwetalente, asebenzise ngokupheleleyo iingenelo zezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, aphucule eyabo imveliso kunye nemigangatho yokuvelisa kunye nezakhono ezintsha, kwaye ahlale engoyiswayo kukhuphiswano lweemarike eziqatha.
Njengesixhobo esingundoqo kumatshini wanamhlanje, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, ezineempawu zabo ezimangalisayo njengokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana ne-aerospace, ukuveliswa kweemoto, ishishini lokwakha iinqanawa, ukusetyenzwa kwe-mold, kunye nolwazi lwe-elektroniki. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziphuhlisa kwisantya esiphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ubukrelekrele, i-axis eninzi ngaxeshanye kunye nekhompawundi, eluhlaza, ukunxibelelana kunye nokwazisa, njl. Amashishini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo iindlela zophuhliso lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, anyuse ubunzulu bophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokulinywa kwetalente, asebenzise ngokupheleleyo iingenelo zezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, aphucule eyabo imveliso kunye nemigangatho yokuvelisa kunye nezakhono ezintsha, kwaye ahlale engoyiswayo kukhuphiswano lweemarike eziqatha.