Uphando ngoLawulo lokuLondoloza kunye noLondolozo lwamaziko oMatshini e-CNC
Abstract: Eli phepha lichaza ngokubanzi ngokubaluleka kolawulo lokugcinwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamaziko omatshini we-CNC, kwaye ihlalutya ngokunzulu imixholo efanayo kulawulo lolondolozo phakathi kwamaziko machining CNC kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo, kubandakanywa nenkqubo yokwabela abasebenzi abathile ukuba basebenze, bagcine kwaye babambe izikhundla ezithile, uqeqesho lomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa kunye neenkqubo zokugcinwa, njl. Okwangoku, igxininisa iziko lokugcinwa kwe-raning ye-raning, igxininisa kwiziko lokugcinwa kwe-raning ye-raning, igxininisa kwiziko lokugcinwa kwe-raning ekhethekileyo, igxininisa kwiziko le-raning ye-raning, igxininisa kwiziko lokugcinwa kwe-raning. ukhetho lweendlela zokugcina, ukusekwa kwemibutho yogcino lobungcali kunye nothungelwano lwentsebenziswano yokugcinwa, kunye nolawulo lokuhlola olubanzi. Ikwabonelela ngenkcazo eneenkcukacha yeendawo ezithile zolondolozo lwemihla ngemihla, lwesiqingatha sonyaka, ngonyaka nangendlela engafanelekanga, ejolise ekunikeni isikhokelo esibanzi kulawulo lolondolozo nokugcinwa kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuzinzileyo kwamaziko omatshini e-CNC.
I. Intshayelelo
Njengesixhobo esiphambili kumzi mveliso wanamhlanje, amaziko omatshini e-CNC adibanisa itekhnoloji yezifundo ezininzi ezinje ngoomatshini, umbane, i-hydraulics, kunye nolawulo lwamanani, kwaye baneempawu ezimangalisayo ezinje ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumacandelo amaninzi anje nge-aerospace, ukwenziwa kweemoto, kunye nokusetyenzwa komngundo, kwaye zidlala indima egqibeleleyo kumgangatho wemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, amaziko omatshini e-CNC anezakhiwo ezinzima kunye nomxholo ophezulu wezobuchwepheshe. Nje ukuba kubekho ukungasebenzi kakuhle, akusayi kukhokelela kuphela ekuyekisweni kwemveliso kwaye kubangele ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho kodwa kunokuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso kunye nodumo lweshishini. Ke ngoko, ulawulo lolondolozo lwenzululwazi nolusebenzayo kunye nokugcinwa lubaluleke kakhulu kumaziko omatshini e-CNC.
II. Imixholo efanayo ekuLawulweni koLondolozo phakathi kwamaZiko oMatshini we-CNC kunye neZixhobo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo
(I) Inkqubo yokwabela abasebenzi abathile ukuba basebenze, bagcine kwaye babambe izikhundla ezithile.
Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, inkqubo yokwabela abasebenzi abathile ukuba basebenze, bagcine kwaye babambe izikhundla ezithile kufuneka kuthotyelwe ngokungqongqo. Le nkqubo icacisa abaqhubi, abasebenzi bolondolozo lwesixhobo ngasinye kunye nezikhundla zabo zemisebenzi ezihambelanayo kunye nobubanzi boxanduva. Ngokwabela uxanduva lokusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo kubantu abathile, ukuqhelaniswa kunye nemvakalelo yoxanduva lwabaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo ngokubhekiselele kwisixhobo kunokwandiswa. Abasebenzisi banokuqonda ngcono iimpawu zokusebenza kunye notshintsho olufihlakeleyo lwesixhobo ngexesha elide lokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esifanayo kwaye babone ngokukhawuleza iimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Abasebenzi bezogcino banokuphinda babe nokuqonda okunzulu kwesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukuqhuba ukugcinwa kunye nokucombulula iingxaki ngokuchanekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iingxaki ezifana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kokungabikho ngokwaneleyo okubangelwa utshintsho lwabasebenzi rhoqo okanye uxanduva olungacacanga.
(II) UQeqesho lomsebenzi kunye nokuThintelwa kokuSebenza okungagunyaziswanga
Ukuqhuba uqeqesho olubanzi lwemisebenzi sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bokugcina bawo omabini amaziko omatshini e-CNC kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo, kubandakanywa neenkcukacha zokusebenza kwezixhobo, amanyathelo okhuseleko, ulwazi olusisiseko lokugcinwa, njl. Umsebenzi ongagunyaziswanga uthintelwe ngokungqongqo. Kuphela ngabasebenzi abafumene uqeqesho lobungcali baza baphumelela uvavanyo abavumelekileyo ukuba basebenzise izixhobo. Abasebenzi abangagunyaziswanga, ngenxa yokunqongophala kolwazi lomsebenzi wezixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezakhono, banokuthi babangele ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo okanye iingozi zokhuseleko ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle ngexesha lomsebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, abo bangaqhelananga nemisebenzi yepaneli yokulawula isixhobo somatshini banokuseta iiparitha zokucubungula ngokungalunganga, okukhokelela ekungqubaneni phakathi kwezixhobo zokusika kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza, umonakalo kwizinto eziphambili zezixhobo, ezichaphazela ukuchaneka kunye nobomi benkonzo yesixhobo, kunye nokubeka ingozi kukhuseleko lwabaqhubi ngokwabo.
(III) Ukuhlolwa kweZixhobo kunye neeNkqubo eziQhelekileyo zokuLondolozwa kwamaBanga
Ukuphunyezwa okungqongqo kwenkqubo yokuhlola izixhobo yindlela ebalulekileyo yokubona ngokukhawuleza iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke kwisixhobo. Omabini amaziko omatshini e-CNC kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini eziqhelekileyo kufuneka ziqhube uhlolo olubanzi kwisixhobo ngokwemijikelo yokuhlola echaziweyo kunye neziqulatho. Imixholo yokuhlola igubungela yonke imiba yesixhobo, njengamacandelo omatshini, iinkqubo zombane, kunye neenkqubo zamanzi, kubandakanywa ukujonga imeko yokuthambisa yomzila wesikhokelo somatshini, ukuxinana konxibelelwano lwamacandelo othumelo, nokuba ukudityaniswa kweesekethe zombane kukhululekile, njl.nj ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
Iisistim zolondolozo lwesiqhelo kunye nemigangatho ziqulunqwe ngokwembono yogcino lulonke lwezixhobo. Ngokusekelwe kwixesha lokusetyenziswa kunye neemeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ezicwangciso zokulondoloza ziphuhliswa. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubandakanya umsebenzi onjengokucoca, ukuthambisa, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokuqinisa izixhobo ukuze kugcinwe imeko yokusebenza kakuhle. Ulondolozo oluhleliweyo lumisela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo emigangatho yokulondolozwa kunye neemfuno ngokokubaluleka kunye nobunzima besixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezingundoqo zifumana ulondolozo olusulungekileyo nolubanzi. Ngokomzekelo, kwibhokisi ye-spindle yesixhobo esiqhelekileyo somatshini, ngexesha lokugcinwa rhoqo, kuyimfuneko ukujonga umgangatho weoli kunye nobuninzi beoli yokuthambisa kunye nokucoca izihlungi. Ngethuba lokugcinwa kwemigangatho, kunokuba yimfuneko ukujonga kunye nokulungelelanisa ukulayishwa kwangaphambili kweebheringi ze-spindle ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokujikeleza kunye nokuzinza kwe-spindle.
(IV) Ukugcinwa kweeRekhodi kunye noLawulo lweeNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo
Ukuphumeza inkqubo yekhadi lesabelo somsebenzi kubasebenzi bolondolozo kunye nokurekhoda ngononophelo ulwazi oluneenkcukacha ezifana neziganeko, izizathu, kunye neenkqubo zokulondoloza ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokusekwa kogcino olupheleleyo lolondolozo kubaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwexesha elide lwezixhobo. Iirekhodi zogcino zinokubonelela ngemathiriyeli ebalulekileyo yereferensi yokugcinwa kwezixhobo ezilandelayo kunye nokusombulula ingxaki. Xa ukungasebenzi okufanayo kwenzeka kwakhona kwisixhobo, abasebenzi bokulondoloza banokuqonda ngokukhawuleza iindlela zokuphatha ukungasebenzi kwangaphambili kunye nolwazi kwiindawo ezitshintshiweyo ngokubhekiselele kwii-archives zokugcinwa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokugcina. Ngeli xesha, oovimba bogcino bakwanceda ukuhlalutya iipatheni zokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwesixhobo kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko sokuqulunqa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zohlaziyo kunye nezicwangciso zokuphucula. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuhlalutya ukugcinwa kwezinto zokugcina izixhobo zomatshini othile, kufumaniseka ukuba icandelo elithile kwinkqubo yalo yombane lihlala lingasebenzi kakuhle emva kokusebenza ixesha elithile. Emva koko, kunokuqwalaselwa ukuba ithathe indawo yeli candelo kwangaphambili okanye ukulungelelanisa uyilo lwenkqubo yombane ukuphucula ukuthembeka kwezixhobo.
(V) UThungelwano lweNtsebenziswano yoLondolozo kunye neNkqubo yokuHlola iNgcali
Ukuseka inethiwekhi yentsebenziswano yokugcinwa kunye nokuqhuba umsebenzi wenkqubo yokuxilongwa kweengcali kunefuthe elihle ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nokusombulula ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Kwishishini, abasebenzi bolondolozo abahlukeneyo banezakhono ezahlukeneyo zobuchwephesha kunye namava. Ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano lwentsebenziswano yokugcina, utshintshiselwano lobugcisa kunye nokwabelana ngezibonelelo kunokufezekiswa. Xa behlangabezana nokungasebenzi kakuhle, banokudibanisa ubulumko babo kwaye bajonge izisombululo ngokudibeneyo. Inkqubo yokuxilongwa kweengcali yenza ukuxilongwa okukrelekrele kokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo ngoncedo lwetekhnoloji yekhompyuter kunye nesiseko solwazi lwamava eengcali. Ngokomzekelo, ngokufaka izinto eziqhelekileyo zokungasebenzi kakuhle, izizathu, kunye nezisombululo zamaziko omatshini we-CNC kwinkqubo yokuxilongwa kweengcali, xa izixhobo zingasebenzi kakuhle, inkqubo inokunika izizathu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye neengcebiso zokugcinwa ngokuhambelana nolwazi lwegalelo lokungasebenzi kakuhle, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa obunamandla kubasebenzi bokulondoloza. Ngokukodwa kubasebenzi abathile bolondolozo abanamava angonelanga, inokubanceda ukuba bafumane kwaye basombulule ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokukhawuleza.
III. Imixholo iza kugxininiswa kuLawulo loLondolozo lwamaziko oMatshini e-CNC
(I) UkuKhetha ngokweNgqiqo kwiiNdlela zokuLungisa
Iindlela zokugcinwa kwamaziko omatshini e-CNC ziquka ukulungiswa kokulungiswa, ukugcinwa kokuthintela, ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kokuthintela, ukulungiswa kwangaphambili okanye ukugcinwa kwemeko, kunye nokuthintela ukugcinwa, njl. Ulungiso oluchanekileyo luthetha ukwenza ulondolozo emva kokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesixhobo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwezinye izixhobo ezingabalulekanga okanye iimeko apho iziphumo zokungasebenzi kakuhle zincinci kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa ziphantsi. Ngokomzekelo, xa ezinye izixhobo zokukhanyisa ezincedisayo okanye abalandeli abangabalulekanga bokupholisa kwiziko lomatshini le-CNC lingasebenzi kakuhle, indlela yokulungisa yokulungisa inokwamkelwa. Ziyakwazi ukutshintshwa ngexesha emva kokulimala, kwaye akuyi kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimveliso.
Ulondolozo lothintelo kukuqhuba ulondolozo lwezixhobo ngokomjikelo omiselweyo kunye neziqulatho ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle ukuba kwenzeke. Le ndlela isebenzayo kwiimeko apho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo kunexesha elicacileyo lexesha okanye iipatheni zokugqoka. Ngokomzekelo, kwiibheringi ze-spindle zeziko lomatshini we-CNC, zinokuthi zitshintshwe okanye zigcinwe rhoqo ngokuhambelana nobomi babo benkonzo kunye nexesha elisebenzayo, elinokuthi lithintele ngokufanelekileyo ukuhla kokuchaneka kwe-spindle kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle okubangelwa ukuthwala ukuthwala.
Ukulungiswa kokulungiswa kunye nokukhusela kukuphucula izixhobo ngexesha lokugcinwa kwenkqubo ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo okanye ukuthembeka. Ngokomzekelo, xa kufunyaniswe ukuba kukho iinkalo ezingafanelekanga kwi-design yesakhiwo seziko lomatshini lwe-CNC, okubangelwa ukuchaneka kokucubungula okungazinzi okanye ukungasebenzi rhoqo, isakhiwo sinokulungiswa kwaye sihlaziywe ngexesha lokugcinwa kokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwezixhobo.
Ugcino oluqikelelweyo okanye olusekwe kwimeko kukubeka esweni ubume bokusebenza kwesixhobo ngexesha lokwenyani ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokubeka iliso ekwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuqikelela ukungasebenzi kakuhle okunokwenzeka kwesixhobo ngokwedatha yokubeka iliso, kunye nokugcina ukulungiswa phambi kokuba kwenzeke ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Le ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu kumacandelo aphambili kunye neenkqubo zamaziko omatshini e-CNC. Umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji efana nohlalutyo lokungcangcazela, ukujongwa kobushushu, kunye nohlalutyo lweoyile ukujonga inkqubo yokuphotha, xa kufunyaniswe ukuba ixabiso lokungcangcazela liyenyuka ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ubushushu be-oyile buphezulu kakhulu, i-spindle inokuhlolwa kwaye igcinwe kwangethuba ukunqanda umonakalo omkhulu kwi-spindle kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo okuphezulu kweziko lomatshini. Uthintelo lokugcinwa luqwalasela ukugcinwa kwezixhobo ukusuka kuyilo kunye nezigaba zokuvelisa ukwenza izixhobo zibe lula ukugcina kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa okulandelayo. Xa ukhetha iziko lomatshini we-CNC, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kuyilo lokuthintela ukugcinwa kwayo, njengoyilo lwemodyuli yamacandelo kunye nezakhiwo ekulula ukuziqhawula nokuzifaka. Xa uvavanya iindlela zokulondoloza, uvavanyo olubanzi kufuneka lwenziwe kwiinkalo ezifana neendleko zokulungisa, ilahleko yokuyeka ukuvelisa, umsebenzi wombutho wokulondoloza, kunye nemiphumo yokulungisa. Ngokomzekelo, kwiziko lomatshini le-CNC elinexabiso eliphezulu kunye nomsebenzi wokuvelisa oxakekileyo, nangona utyalo-mali kwizixhobo zokubeka iliso kunye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiswa kwangaphambili kuphezulu kakhulu, xa kuthelekiswa nokulahleka kwexesha elide lokumisa ukuveliswa okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo zokusebenza, olu tyalo-mali lufanelekile. Inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ixesha lokunciphisa izixhobo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekisa umjikelezo wokuhanjiswa kwemveliso.
(II) Ukusekwa kweMibutho yobuGcisa yoLondolozo kunye noThungelwano lweNtsebenziswano yoLondolozo
Ngenxa yobunzima kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu bamaziko omatshini e-CNC, ukuseka imibutho yokugcina ingcali ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwawo okuqhelekileyo. Imibutho yogcino lweengcali kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngabasebenzi bolondolozo abanolwazi lobuchwephesha kunye nezakhono kwiinkalo ezininzi ezinjengoomatshini, umbane, kunye nolawulo lwamanani. Aba basebenzi akufuneki baqhelane nesakhiwo se-hardware samaziko omatshini e-CNC kodwa baphinde balawule inkqubo, ukulungisa iimpazamo, kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuxilongwa kokungasebenzi kakuhle kweenkqubo zabo zolawulo lwamanani. Imibutho yokugcina yangaphakathi kufuneka ibe nezixhobo ezipheleleyo zokugcina kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya, ezifana nezixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo, izixhobo zokuvavanya umbane, kunye nezixhobo zokuxilonga inkqubo yokulawula amanani, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokugcinwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungasebenzi kakuhle.
Ngeli xesha, ukuseka uthungelwano lwentsebenziswano yokulondolozwa kunokwandisa ngakumbi isakhono sokugcina kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kobutyebi. Uthungelwano lwentsebenziswano yolondolozo lunokubandakanya abavelisi bezixhobo, iinkampani zenkonzo yogcino lobuchwephesha, kunye namasebe ogcino lwamanye amashishini kushishino. Ngokuseka ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo, kunokwenzeka ukufumana izinto zobugcisa, iincwadana zokugcinwa, kunye nolwazi lwamva nje oluphuculweyo lwezixhobo zokusebenza ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kwimeko yokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye iingxaki ezinzima, isikhokelo esikude okanye inkxaso ye-site evela kwiingcali zobugcisa zabenzi zinokufumaneka. Ngokusebenzisana neenkampani zenkonzo yogcino lobuchwephesha, xa amandla olondolozo lweshishini ngokwalo engonelanga, amandla obuchule angaphandle anokubolekwa ukuze kulungiswe ngokukhawuleza ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo. Intsebenziswano yokugcina phakathi kwamashishini kushishino inokuqonda ukwabelana ngamava okugcinwa kunye nezibonelelo. Ngokomzekelo, xa ishishini liqokelela amava axabisekileyo ekulungiseni ukungasebenzi okukhethekileyo komzekelo othile we-CNC machining center, la mava anokwabelwana ngawo namanye amashishini ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano lwentsebenziswano yokulondolozwa, ukuphepha amanye amashishini ukuba aphinde ahlolisise xa ehlangabezana nengxaki efanayo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokugcinwa kweshishini lonke.
(III) Ulawulo loHlolo
Ukulawulwa kokuhlolwa kwamaziko omatshini e-CNC kuqhuba ulawulo olubanzi kwizixhobo ngokubhekiselele kumanqaku amisiweyo, amaxesha amisiweyo, imigangatho emiselweyo, izinto ezimiselweyo, abasebenzi abasisigxina, iindlela ezimiselweyo, ukuhlolwa, ukurekhoda, ukuphatha, kunye nohlalutyo ngokwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo.
Amanqaku asisigxina abhekiselele ekumiseleni iinxalenye zezixhobo ezifuna ukuhlolwa, ezifana neereyili zesikhokelo, izikrufu ezikhokelayo, ii-spindles, kunye neekhabhinethi zokulawula umbane zesixhobo somatshini, eziziindawo eziphambili. Ezi nxalenye zijongene neengxaki ezifana nokunxiba, ukukhululeka, kunye nokushisa ngexesha lokusebenza kwezixhobo. Izinto ezingaqhelekanga zinokufunyaniswa kwangexesha ngohlolo olusisigxina. Imigangatho emiselweyo kukubeka amaxabiso aqhelekileyo aqhelekileyo okanye uluhlu kwindawo nganye yokuhlola. Ngokomzekelo, ukuchaneka okujikelezayo kwe-spindle, ukuthe tye kwee-rails zesikhokelo, kunye noluhlu loxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-hydraulic. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, amaxabiso alinganisiweyo awona athelekiswa namaxabiso asemgangathweni ukugweba ukuba isixhobo siqhelekile. Amaxesha amisiweyo kukucacisa umjikelo wokuhlolwa kwento nganye yokuhlola, emiselwa ngokwemiba efana nexesha lokubaleka, ukuqina komsebenzi, kunye neepatheni zokunxiba zamacandelo, njengezinto zokuhlola ezinemijikelo eyahlukeneyo njengemihla ngemihla, ngeveki, nangenyanga. Izinto ezilungisiweyo kufuneka zichaze imixholo ethile yokuhlola, njengokujonga ukuzinza kwesantya sokujikeleza kwe-spindle, imeko yokuthambisa isikrufu sokukhokela, kunye nokuthembeka komgangatho wenkqubo yombane. Abasebenzi abasisigxina baya kwabela abantu abathile abanoxanduva kwinqaku ngalinye lokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa komsebenzi wokuhlola. Iindlela ezimiselweyo kukufumanisa iindlela zokuhlola, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokubona, izixhobo, kunye namanyathelo okusebenza okuhlola, njengokusebenzisa i-micrometer ukulinganisa ukuthe tye kweendlela zesikhokelo kunye nokusebenzisa i-thermometer ye-infrared ukufumanisa ukushisa kwe-spindle.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhlola, abasebenzi bokuhlola baqhuba uhlolo kwisixhobo ngokweendlela ezichaziweyo kunye nemijikelo kwaye benze iirekhodi ezicacileyo. Iziqulatho zerekhodi ziquka ulwazi olufana nexesha lokuhlola, iinxalenye zokuhlola, amaxabiso alinganisiweyo, nokuba ziqhelekile. Ikhonkco yokusingatha kukuthatha amanyathelo ahambelanayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiingxaki ezifunyenwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa, njengokulungelelanisa, ukuqinisa, ukuthambisa, kunye nokutshintsha iindawo. Kwizinto ezingaqhelekanga ezingephi, zinokusingathwa ngoko nangoko. Kwiingxaki ezimandundu ngakumbi, kufuneka kuqulunqwe isicwangciso solondolozo kuze kulungiselelwe abasebenzi bolondolozo abaqeqeshiweyo ukuze baqhube ulondolozo. Uhlalutyo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lohlolo. Ngokuhlalutya iirekhodi zokuhlola ngexesha elithile, imeko yokusebenza kunye neepatheni zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo zishwankathelwa. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba ukuphindaphinda kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga kwinqanaba elithile landa ngokuthe ngcembe, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo olunzulu lwezizathu. Isenokuba ngenxa yokwanda kokuguga kwamacandelo okanye utshintsho kwindawo yokusebenza yesixhobo. Emva koko, amanyathelo okuthintela anokuthathwa kwangaphambili, njengokulungelelanisa iiparamitha zezixhobo, ukuphucula indawo yokusebenza, okanye ukulungiselela ukubuyisela iinxalenye kwangaphambili.
- Uhlolo Lwemihla Ngemihla
Uhlolo lwemihla ngemihla luqhutywa ikakhulu ngabaqhubi bezixhobo zoomatshini. Kukuhlolwa kwamacandelo aqhelekileyo esixhobo somatshini kunye nokuphathwa kunye nokuhlolwa kokungasebenzi kakuhle okwenzekayo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini. Ngokomzekelo, kuyimfuneko ukujonga i-oyile yezinga le-oyile kunye ne-oyile ye-oyile yesikhokelo sokuthambisa itanki yeoli yonke imihla ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-oyile yokuthambisa yongezwa ngexesha, ukwenzela ukuba ipompo yokuthambisa iqalise kwaye imise rhoqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthambisa okulungileyo kweereyile zesikhokelo kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga. Okwangoku, kuyimfuneko ukususa iitshiphusi kunye nokungcola kwisikhokelo somzila kaloliwe we-XYZ, jonga ukuba ioyile yokuthambisa yanele, kwaye ujonge ukuba ngaba kukho imikrwelo okanye umonakalo kwindawo kaloliwe yesikhokelo. Ukuba imikrwelo ifunyenwe, amanyathelo okulungisa kufuneka athathwe kwangethuba ukuze athintele ukuba aqhubeke ewohloka kwaye achaphazele ukuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini. Jonga ukuba uxinzelelo lomthombo womoya ocinezelweyo luphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo, coca isihluzi sokwahlula amanzi esizenzekelayo kunye nesomisi somoya esizenzekelayo somthombo womoya, kwaye ususe ngokukhawuleza amanzi ahluzwe ngaphandle kwesihluzo sokwahlula amanzi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesomisi somoya esizenzekelayo kunye nokubonelela ngomthombo womoya ococekileyo nowomileyo wenkqubo ye-pneumatic yesixhobo somatshini ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwecandelo le-pneumatic okubangelwa yingxaki yomoya. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukujonga amanqanaba eoli ye-converter ye-gas-liquid kunye ne-booster. Xa izinga leoli lingonelanga, gcwalisa ioli ngexesha. Nika ingqalelo ukuba ubungakanani beoli kwi-spindle yokuthambisa i-oyile ye-oyile ehlala rhoqo yanele kwaye ulungelelanise uluhlu lobushushu ukuze unikeze ukuthambisa okuzinzileyo kunye nobushushu obufanelekileyo bokusebenza kwi-spindle ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kwe-spindle. Kwinkqubo ye-hydraulic yesixhobo somatshini, jonga ukuba ngaba kukho ingxolo engaqhelekanga kwitanki yeoli kunye nempompo ye-hydraulic, ukuba ngaba isilinganisi soxinzelelo siqhelekile, ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwimibhobho kunye namalungu, nokuba inqanaba le-oyile esebenzayo liqhelekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, kuba inkqubo yehydraulic idlala indima ephambili kwisixhobo sokutshintsha umatshini kunye nesixhobo sokutshintsha. Khangela ukuba isalathisi soxinzelelo lwe-balance balance system ye-hydraulic balance system iyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye uqaphele ukuba i-valve yokulinganisa isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo xa isixhobo somatshini sihamba ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela ukungalingani kweendawo ezihambayo zesixhobo somatshini okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yokulinganisa, enokuthi ichaphazele ukuchaneka kokulungiswa kunye nokhuseleko lwezixhobo. Kwiiyunithi zegalelo kunye neziphumo ze-CNC, gcina umfundi we-photoelectric ucocekile, uqinisekise ukuthambisa okulungileyo kwesakhiwo somatshini, kwaye uqinisekise ukuhanjiswa kwedatha eqhelekileyo phakathi kwenkqubo yokulawula amanani kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle. Ukongeza, jonga ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya kwiikhabhathi ezahlukeneyo zombane ukuqinisekisa ukuba abalandeli bokupholisa bekhabhathi yombane nganye basebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye izikrini zokucoca i-air duct azithinteli ukuthintela umonakalo wamacandelo ombane obangelwa ubushushu obugqithisileyo ngaphakathi kwiikhabhinethi zombane. Okokugqibela, jonga izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela, ezinje ngeereyili zesikhokelo kunye nezikhuselo ezahlukeneyo zesixhobo somatshini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba azikhululekanga ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzi wesixhobo somatshini kunye nokuthintela izinto zangaphandle ezifana neetshiphusi kunye nolwelo olupholisayo ukuba lungene ngaphakathi kwisixhobo somatshini kunye nokonakalisa izixhobo. - UHlolo olusisigxina
Uhlolo olusisigxina lwenziwa ngabasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo. Ikakhulu igxile ekuqhubeni uhlolo oluphambili kumacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo omatshini womatshini ngokuhambelana nomjikelo kunye nokuqhuba ukubeka iliso kwesimo sezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kokungasebenzi kakuhle. Abasebenzi bolondolozo lwexesha elizeleyo kufuneka benze izicwangciso zokuhlola ezineenkcukacha kwaye baqhube uhlolo rhoqo kumacandelo abalulekileyo anjengezikrufu zebhola ngokwezicwangciso. Umzekelo, coca igrisi endala yesikrufu sebhola kwaye usebenzise igrisi entsha rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kothumelo kunye nokuguda kwesikrufu. Kwisekethe yeoli ye-hydraulic, coca ivalve yokukhulula, ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, isihluzo se-oyile, kunye nezantsi kwetanki yeoli rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, kwaye utshintshe okanye ucofe ioyile ye-hydraulic ukukhusela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic okubangelwa kungcoliseko lweoyile. Jonga kwaye ubuyisele iibrashi zekhabhoni ze-DC servo motor minyaka le, jonga umphezulu we-commutator, uvuthele umgubo wekhabhoni, ususe iibhura, ubuyisele iibrashi zekhabhoni ezimfutshane kakhulu, kwaye uzisebenzise emva kokubaleka-ngaphakathi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kommiselo wesantya semoto. Coca impompo ye-hydraulic yokuthambisa kunye nesihluzo se-oyile, coca ezantsi echibini, kwaye ubeke endaweni yesihluzo se-oyile ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka kunye nonikezelo lwesiqhelo lolwelo lwenkqubo yokuthambisa. Abasebenzi bokugcina ixesha elipheleleyo nabo kufuneka basebenzise izixhobo zokukhangela eziphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe ukujonga imeko yesixhobo somatshini. Ngokomzekelo, sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlalutya i-vibration ukujonga inkqubo ye-spindle, ukuhlalutya i-vibration spectrum ukugweba imeko yokusebenza kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-spindle. Sebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuhlalutya ioyile ukubona ioyile kwinkqubo yehydraulic kunye nespindle lubricating system, kwaye ugwebe imeko yokunxiba yesixhobo kunye nenqanaba lokungcoliseka leoli ngokwezalathi ezinje ngomxholo wamasuntswana esinyithi kunye notshintsho lwe-viscosity kwioyile ukubona iingozi ezinokuthi zingasebenzi kwangethuba kwaye wenze izicwangciso zogcino ezihambelanayo. Okwangoku, yenza iirekhodi zokuxilongwa ngokweziphumo zokuhlola kunye nokubeka iliso, uhlalutye ngokunzulu iziphumo zokugcinwa, kwaye ubeke phambili iingcebiso zokuphucula ulawulo lokugcinwa kwezixhobo, ezifana nokuphucula umjikelo wokuhlola, ukuphucula indlela yokuthambisa, kunye nokwandisa amanyathelo okukhusela ukuqhubeka nokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo. - Ezinye iiNdawo zoLondolozo oluQhelekileyo kunye nolungekho mGaqo
Ukongeza kuhlolo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nexesha elizeleyo, amaziko omatshini e-CNC aneendawo ezithile zokulungisa olwenziwa kwisiqingatha sonyaka, ngonyaka,