"Ingcaciso ecacileyo yeCNC Machine Tool Inspection Management Contents"
Njengesixhobo esiphambili kwimveliso yanamhlanje, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC sisiseko sokwenza ukubeka iliso kwimeko kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo. Ngolawulo lokuhlola lwesayensi kunye nolucwangcisiweyo, iingxaki ezinokubakho zezixhobo zinokufumaneka ngexesha, izinga lokungaphumeleli lingancitshiswa, kwaye ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo bunokwandiswa. Oku kulandelayo kuya kuchaza ngokubanzi imixholo ephambili yokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC.
I. Amanqaku Azinzileyo
Amanqaku asisigxina linyathelo eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Xa umisela amanqaku okugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, uhlalutyo olubanzi kunye nolwesayensi lwezixhobo luyafuneka. Isixhobo somatshini we-CNC yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa izakhiwo zomatshini, iinkqubo zokulawula umbane, iinkqubo ze-hydraulic, iinkqubo zokupholisa, njl. Icandelo ngalinye linokufumana ukungaphumeleli ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya ngokucophelela umsebenzi, umgaqo wokusebenza, kunye neendawo ezinokuthi zingaphumeleli zecandelo ngalinye.
Umzekelo, amacandelo afana neereyile zesikhokelo, izikrufu ezikhokelayo, kunye ne-spindles kwisakhiwo somatshini ziqheleke kwiingxaki ezinjengokunxiba kunye nokunyuswa kokunyuka ngenxa yokuvezwa kwexesha elide kwimikhosi yokusika kunye nokungqubana. Izinto ezinje ngabalawuli, abaqhubi, kunye nezinzwa kwinkqubo yolawulo lombane zinokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinje ngokuguquguquka kombane kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane. Amacandelo afana neempompo zeoyile, iisilinda, kunye neevalvu kwinkqubo yehydraulic inokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengokutywinwa kakubi kunye nokungcoliswa kweoyile. Amalungu afana neempompo zamanzi, imibhobho yamanzi, kunye neeradiyetha kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa zinokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengokuvaleka kunye nokuvuza.
Ngokuhlalutya icandelo ngalinye lesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, iindawo ezinokuthi zingaphumeleli zinokumiselwa. Ezi ndawo ziindawo zokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Emva kokumisela iindawo zogcino, indawo nganye yokulungisa kufuneka ifakwe iinombolo kwaye imakishwe ukuququzelela umsebenzi wokuhlola olandelayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ifayile yendawo yokugcina kufuneka isekwe ukurekhoda ulwazi olufana nendawo, umsebenzi, umcimbi wokungaphumeleli, kunye nendlela yokuhlola indawo nganye yokugcina ukubonelela ngereferensi yomsebenzi wokuhlola.
Amanqaku asisigxina linyathelo eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Xa umisela amanqaku okugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, uhlalutyo olubanzi kunye nolwesayensi lwezixhobo luyafuneka. Isixhobo somatshini we-CNC yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa izakhiwo zomatshini, iinkqubo zokulawula umbane, iinkqubo ze-hydraulic, iinkqubo zokupholisa, njl. Icandelo ngalinye linokufumana ukungaphumeleli ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya ngokucophelela umsebenzi, umgaqo wokusebenza, kunye neendawo ezinokuthi zingaphumeleli zecandelo ngalinye.
Umzekelo, amacandelo afana neereyile zesikhokelo, izikrufu ezikhokelayo, kunye ne-spindles kwisakhiwo somatshini ziqheleke kwiingxaki ezinjengokunxiba kunye nokunyuswa kokunyuka ngenxa yokuvezwa kwexesha elide kwimikhosi yokusika kunye nokungqubana. Izinto ezinje ngabalawuli, abaqhubi, kunye nezinzwa kwinkqubo yolawulo lombane zinokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinje ngokuguquguquka kombane kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane. Amacandelo afana neempompo zeoyile, iisilinda, kunye neevalvu kwinkqubo yehydraulic inokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengokutywinwa kakubi kunye nokungcoliswa kweoyile. Amalungu afana neempompo zamanzi, imibhobho yamanzi, kunye neeradiyetha kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa zinokusilela ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengokuvaleka kunye nokuvuza.
Ngokuhlalutya icandelo ngalinye lesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, iindawo ezinokuthi zingaphumeleli zinokumiselwa. Ezi ndawo ziindawo zokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Emva kokumisela iindawo zogcino, indawo nganye yokulungisa kufuneka ifakwe iinombolo kwaye imakishwe ukuququzelela umsebenzi wokuhlola olandelayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ifayile yendawo yokugcina kufuneka isekwe ukurekhoda ulwazi olufana nendawo, umsebenzi, umcimbi wokungaphumeleli, kunye nendlela yokuhlola indawo nganye yokugcina ukubonelela ngereferensi yomsebenzi wokuhlola.
II. ImiGangatho eZinzileyo
Imigangatho emiselweyo iyikhonkco ebalulekileyo ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kwindawo nganye yokugcina, imigangatho kufuneka yenziwe nganye nganye ukucacisa uluhlu oluvumelekileyo lweeparamitha ezifana nokucocwa, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, kunye nokuqina. Le migangatho isisiseko sokugweba ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Kuphela xa ingagqithisi imigangatho echaziweyo ayithathwa njengokusilela.
Xa kuqulunqwa imigangatho, kufuneka kwenziwe ireferensi kwizinto ezifana neeparamitha zoyilo, iincwadana zokusebenza, kunye nemigangatho yoshishino lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimeko zokusebenza zangempela zezixhobo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngokusekelwe kumava kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha, uluhlu olusemgangathweni olufanelekileyo lufuna ukumiselwa. Umzekelo, ukucocwa kweereyili zesikhokelo, imfuno eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-0.01mm kunye ne-0.03mm; kwiqondo lobushushu le-spindle, imfuno eqhelekileyo ayidluli kuma-60 ° C; ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, imfuno eqhelekileyo kukuba ukuguquguquka ngaphakathi koluhlu loxinzelelo oluchaziweyo aludluli ± 5%.
Emva kokuqulunqa imigangatho, imigangatho kufuneka irekhodwe kwifomu ebhaliweyo kwaye imakishwe kwisixhobo ukuququzelela ukuhlolwa ngabasebenzi bokuhlola. Kwangaxeshanye, imigangatho kufuneka ihlaziywe kwaye iphuculwe rhoqo. Ngokweemeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye nophuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe, umgangatho osemgangathweni kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka kunye nokusebenza kwemigangatho.
Imigangatho emiselweyo iyikhonkco ebalulekileyo ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kwindawo nganye yokugcina, imigangatho kufuneka yenziwe nganye nganye ukucacisa uluhlu oluvumelekileyo lweeparamitha ezifana nokucocwa, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, izinga lokuhamba, kunye nokuqina. Le migangatho isisiseko sokugweba ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Kuphela xa ingagqithisi imigangatho echaziweyo ayithathwa njengokusilela.
Xa kuqulunqwa imigangatho, kufuneka kwenziwe ireferensi kwizinto ezifana neeparamitha zoyilo, iincwadana zokusebenza, kunye nemigangatho yoshishino lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC. Ngexesha elifanayo, iimeko zokusebenza zangempela zezixhobo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngokusekelwe kumava kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha, uluhlu olusemgangathweni olufanelekileyo lufuna ukumiselwa. Umzekelo, ukucocwa kweereyili zesikhokelo, imfuno eqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-0.01mm kunye ne-0.03mm; kwiqondo lobushushu le-spindle, imfuno eqhelekileyo ayidluli kuma-60 ° C; ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-hydraulic, imfuno eqhelekileyo kukuba ukuguquguquka ngaphakathi koluhlu loxinzelelo oluchaziweyo aludluli ± 5%.
Emva kokuqulunqa imigangatho, imigangatho kufuneka irekhodwe kwifomu ebhaliweyo kwaye imakishwe kwisixhobo ukuququzelela ukuhlolwa ngabasebenzi bokuhlola. Kwangaxeshanye, imigangatho kufuneka ihlaziywe kwaye iphuculwe rhoqo. Ngokweemeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye nophuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe, umgangatho osemgangathweni kufuneka ulungelelaniswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufaneleka kunye nokusebenza kwemigangatho.
III. Amaxesha amiselweyo
Amaxesha amiselweyo alikhonkco eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ukumisela ixesha lokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kwezinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa nokubaluleka kwezixhobo, ukwenzeka kokungaphumeleli, kunye nobukhulu bemisebenzi yokuvelisa.
Kwamanye amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo, anjengezikhonkwane zokuphotha, izikrufu zokukhokela, kunye neentsimbi zesikhokelo, ngenxa yempembelelo yazo ebalulekileyo ekuchanekeni nasekusebenzeni kwesixhobo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka okuphezulu kokwenzeka kokusilela, ixesha lokuhlola kufuneka lifinyezwe. Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuhlola amaxesha amaninzi kwishifti nganye. Kwamanye amacandelo angabalulekanga kangako, afana neenkqubo zokupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokuthambisa, ixesha lokuhlola linokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lihlolwe kanye ngenyanga okanye iinyanga ezininzi.
Xa kumiselwa ixesha lokuhlolwa, ubunzulu bemisebenzi yemveliso bukwafuna ukuqwalaselwa. Ukuba umsebenzi wokuvelisa unzima kwaye izixhobo zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide, ixesha lokuhlola lingacuthwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo. Ukuba umsebenzi wemveliso awunzima kwaye izixhobo zisebenza ixesha elifutshane, ixesha lokuhlola linokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa iindleko zokuhlola.
Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kusekwe isicwangciso sokuhlola ukuze sicacise ulwazi olufana nexesha lokuhlola, abasebenzi bokuhlola, kunye neendlela zokuhlola kwindawo nganye yokugcina izinto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umsebenzi wokuhlola ugqitywe ngexesha, ngomgangatho, nangobungakanani. Isicwangciso sokuhlola sinokuhlengahlengiswa kwaye siphuculwe ngokweemeko zangempela zokusebenza kwezixhobo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nesiphumo.
Amaxesha amiselweyo alikhonkco eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ukumisela ixesha lokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi kwezinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa nokubaluleka kwezixhobo, ukwenzeka kokungaphumeleli, kunye nobukhulu bemisebenzi yokuvelisa.
Kwamanye amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo, anjengezikhonkwane zokuphotha, izikrufu zokukhokela, kunye neentsimbi zesikhokelo, ngenxa yempembelelo yazo ebalulekileyo ekuchanekeni nasekusebenzeni kwesixhobo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka okuphezulu kokwenzeka kokusilela, ixesha lokuhlola kufuneka lifinyezwe. Kusenokuba yimfuneko ukuhlola amaxesha amaninzi kwishifti nganye. Kwamanye amacandelo angabalulekanga kangako, afana neenkqubo zokupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokuthambisa, ixesha lokuhlola linokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lihlolwe kanye ngenyanga okanye iinyanga ezininzi.
Xa kumiselwa ixesha lokuhlolwa, ubunzulu bemisebenzi yemveliso bukwafuna ukuqwalaselwa. Ukuba umsebenzi wokuvelisa unzima kwaye izixhobo zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide, ixesha lokuhlola lingacuthwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo. Ukuba umsebenzi wemveliso awunzima kwaye izixhobo zisebenza ixesha elifutshane, ixesha lokuhlola linokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa iindleko zokuhlola.
Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kusekwe isicwangciso sokuhlola ukuze sicacise ulwazi olufana nexesha lokuhlola, abasebenzi bokuhlola, kunye neendlela zokuhlola kwindawo nganye yokugcina izinto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umsebenzi wokuhlola ugqitywe ngexesha, ngomgangatho, nangobungakanani. Isicwangciso sokuhlola sinokuhlengahlengiswa kwaye siphuculwe ngokweemeko zangempela zokusebenza kwezixhobo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nesiphumo.
IV. Izinto ezizinzileyo
Izinto ezisisigxina yimixholo ethile yokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kubekho imimiselo ecacileyo malunga nokuba zeziphi izinto ekufuneka zihlolwe kwindawo nganye yokulungisa. Oku kunceda abasebenzi abahlolayo ukuba bahlole izixhobo ngokupheleleyo nangendlela ecwangcisiweyo kwaye baphephe ukuphosa izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Kwindawo nganye yokulungisa, into enye okanye izinto ezininzi zinokuhlolwa. Umzekelo, kwisixhobo sokusonta, izinto ezifana nobushushu, ukungcangcazela, ingxolo, i-axial clearance, kunye ne-radial clearance zinokufuna ukuhlolwa; kwisikhokelo sikaloliwe, izinto ezinjengokuthe tye, ukuhambelana, ukurhabaxa komphezulu, kunye nemeko yokuthambisa inokufuneka ihlolwe; kwinkqubo yokulawula umbane, izinto ezifana nemeko yokusebenza yomlawuli, i-voltage ephumayo yomqhubi, kunye nomqondiso we-sensor unokufuna ukuhlolwa.
Xa umisela izinto zokuhlola, umsebenzi kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza wesixhobo kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka zokungaphumeleli kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngexesha elifanayo, imigangatho echaphazelekayo kunye neenkcukacha kufuneka zibhekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuqondakala kunye nokuchaneka kwezinto zokuhlola.
Izinto ezisisigxina yimixholo ethile yokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kubekho imimiselo ecacileyo malunga nokuba zeziphi izinto ekufuneka zihlolwe kwindawo nganye yokulungisa. Oku kunceda abasebenzi abahlolayo ukuba bahlole izixhobo ngokupheleleyo nangendlela ecwangcisiweyo kwaye baphephe ukuphosa izinto ezibalulekileyo.
Kwindawo nganye yokulungisa, into enye okanye izinto ezininzi zinokuhlolwa. Umzekelo, kwisixhobo sokusonta, izinto ezifana nobushushu, ukungcangcazela, ingxolo, i-axial clearance, kunye ne-radial clearance zinokufuna ukuhlolwa; kwisikhokelo sikaloliwe, izinto ezinjengokuthe tye, ukuhambelana, ukurhabaxa komphezulu, kunye nemeko yokuthambisa inokufuneka ihlolwe; kwinkqubo yokulawula umbane, izinto ezifana nemeko yokusebenza yomlawuli, i-voltage ephumayo yomqhubi, kunye nomqondiso we-sensor unokufuna ukuhlolwa.
Xa umisela izinto zokuhlola, umsebenzi kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza wesixhobo kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka zokungaphumeleli kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ngexesha elifanayo, imigangatho echaphazelekayo kunye neenkcukacha kufuneka zibhekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuqondakala kunye nokuchaneka kwezinto zokuhlola.
V. Abasebenzi abasisigxina
Abasebenzi abasisigxina likhonkco lokuphunyezwa koxanduva ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba ngubani oza kuqhuba uhlolo, nokuba ngaba ngumqhubi, abasebenzi besondlo, okanye abasebenzi bezobugcisa. Ngokwendawo yokuhlola kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka kobugcisa, uxanduva kufuneka lunikezelwe kubantu abathile.
Umsebenzisi ngumsebenzisi othe ngqo wesixhobo kwaye uqhelene neemeko zokusebenza kwesixhobo. Ke ngoko, umqhubi unokuba noxanduva lokuhlola imihla ngemihla yamacandelo abanzi ezixhobo, njengokuhlola inkangeleko, ukucoceka, kunye nemeko yokuthambisa isixhobo. Abasebenzi bezogcino banezakhono zobuchwephesha kunye namava kwaye banokuba noxanduva lokuhlola rhoqo amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo ezixhobo, njengokuhlola ubume bomatshini, inkqubo yokulawula umbane, kunye nenkqubo ye-hydraulic yesixhobo. Abasebenzi bezobuGcisa banomgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa kunye nolwazi lwethiyori kwaye banokuba noxanduva lokubeka iliso kwimeko yesixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kweempazamo, njengokuhlalutya idatha yokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zokuhlola, kunye nokuphakamisa iingcebiso zokuphucula.
Ngokucacisa uxanduva lwabasebenzi bokuhlola, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi wokuhlola unokuphuculwa, kwaye ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo kunokuqinisekiswa. Kwangaxeshanye, uqeqesho kunye novavanyo lwabasebenzi abahlolwayo nabo bayafuneka ukuze baphucule umgangatho wabo wobungcali kunye nemvakalelo yokuba noxanduva.
Abasebenzi abasisigxina likhonkco lokuphunyezwa koxanduva ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba ngubani oza kuqhuba uhlolo, nokuba ngaba ngumqhubi, abasebenzi besondlo, okanye abasebenzi bezobugcisa. Ngokwendawo yokuhlola kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka kobugcisa, uxanduva kufuneka lunikezelwe kubantu abathile.
Umsebenzisi ngumsebenzisi othe ngqo wesixhobo kwaye uqhelene neemeko zokusebenza kwesixhobo. Ke ngoko, umqhubi unokuba noxanduva lokuhlola imihla ngemihla yamacandelo abanzi ezixhobo, njengokuhlola inkangeleko, ukucoceka, kunye nemeko yokuthambisa isixhobo. Abasebenzi bezogcino banezakhono zobuchwephesha kunye namava kwaye banokuba noxanduva lokuhlola rhoqo amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo ezixhobo, njengokuhlola ubume bomatshini, inkqubo yokulawula umbane, kunye nenkqubo ye-hydraulic yesixhobo. Abasebenzi bezobuGcisa banomgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa kunye nolwazi lwethiyori kwaye banokuba noxanduva lokubeka iliso kwimeko yesixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kweempazamo, njengokuhlalutya idatha yokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zokuhlola, kunye nokuphakamisa iingcebiso zokuphucula.
Ngokucacisa uxanduva lwabasebenzi bokuhlola, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi wokuhlola unokuphuculwa, kwaye ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo kunokuqinisekiswa. Kwangaxeshanye, uqeqesho kunye novavanyo lwabasebenzi abahlolwayo nabo bayafuneka ukuze baphucule umgangatho wabo wobungcali kunye nemvakalelo yokuba noxanduva.
VI. Iindlela ezizinzileyo
Iindlela ezisisigxina yindlela yokukhetha ikhonkco ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kwakhona kufuneka kubekho imimiselo malunga nendlela yokuhlola, nokuba kungokuqwalaselwa ngesandla okanye ukulinganisa isixhobo, kunye nokuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo eziqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo ezichanekileyo.
Kwezinye izinto ezilula zokuhlola, ezifana nenkangeleko, ukucoceka, kunye nemeko yokuthanjiswa kwesixhobo, indlela yokuqwalasela ngesandla ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlola. Kwezinye izinto ezifuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, ezifana nokukhutshwa, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nesantya sokuhamba, indlela yokulinganisa isixhobo kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukuhlolwa. Xa ukhetha izixhobo, isixhobo esifanelekileyo kufuneka sikhethwe ngokweemfuno zokuchaneka kwezinto zokuhlola kunye nemeko yangempela yesixhobo. Ukuba imfuno yokuchaneka ayikho phezulu, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa; ukuba imfuno yokuchaneka iphezulu, izixhobo ezichanekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukulinganisa.
Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokulawula isixhobo kufuneka imiselwe ukulungelelanisa ulawulo lokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokulinganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwezixhobo.
Iindlela ezisisigxina yindlela yokukhetha ikhonkco ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kwakhona kufuneka kubekho imimiselo malunga nendlela yokuhlola, nokuba kungokuqwalaselwa ngesandla okanye ukulinganisa isixhobo, kunye nokuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo eziqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo ezichanekileyo.
Kwezinye izinto ezilula zokuhlola, ezifana nenkangeleko, ukucoceka, kunye nemeko yokuthanjiswa kwesixhobo, indlela yokuqwalasela ngesandla ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlola. Kwezinye izinto ezifuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, ezifana nokukhutshwa, ubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nesantya sokuhamba, indlela yokulinganisa isixhobo kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukuhlolwa. Xa ukhetha izixhobo, isixhobo esifanelekileyo kufuneka sikhethwe ngokweemfuno zokuchaneka kwezinto zokuhlola kunye nemeko yangempela yesixhobo. Ukuba imfuno yokuchaneka ayikho phezulu, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa; ukuba imfuno yokuchaneka iphezulu, izixhobo ezichanekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukulinganisa.
Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokulawula isixhobo kufuneka imiselwe ukulungelelanisa ulawulo lokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokulinganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwezixhobo.
VII. Ukuhlolwa
Ukuhlola ikhonkco lokuphunyezwa kokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kubekho imimiselo kwindawo yokuhlola kunye namanyathelo, nokuba ngaba kuhlolwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwemveliso okanye emva kokuvalwa, nokuba ngaba kuqhutywe ukuhlolwa kwe-disassembly okanye ukuhlolwa kokungabikho.
Kwezinye izinto zokuhlola ezingachaphazeli ukusebenza kwezixhobo, zinokuhlolwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwemveliso. Oku kunokunceda ukufumana iingxaki ngexesha kwaye uphephe ukusilela kwezixhobo. Kwezinye izinto ezifuna ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa, njengesakhiwo sangaphakathi sesixhobo kunye nemeko yokugqoka yamacandelo abalulekileyo, ukuhlolwa kufuneka kuqhutywe emva kokuba izixhobo zivaliwe. Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kokuvala, imisebenzi kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana namanyathelo achaziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka kokuhlolwa.
Kwezinye izinto ezilula zokuhlola, indlela yokuhlola i-non-disassembly ingasetyenziswa. Kwezinye izinto zokuhlola ezifuna ukuqonda okunzulu kwimeko yangaphakathi yesixhobo, njengesiphoso sesizathu sokuhlalutya kunye nokuqulunqwa kwesicwangciso sokulondoloza, indlela yokuhlola i-disassembly kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-disassembly, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhuseleni amacandelo ezixhobo ukuphepha umonakalo kwisixhobo.
Ukuhlola ikhonkco lokuphunyezwa kokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Kufuneka kubekho imimiselo kwindawo yokuhlola kunye namanyathelo, nokuba ngaba kuhlolwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwemveliso okanye emva kokuvalwa, nokuba ngaba kuqhutywe ukuhlolwa kwe-disassembly okanye ukuhlolwa kokungabikho.
Kwezinye izinto zokuhlola ezingachaphazeli ukusebenza kwezixhobo, zinokuhlolwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwemveliso. Oku kunokunceda ukufumana iingxaki ngexesha kwaye uphephe ukusilela kwezixhobo. Kwezinye izinto ezifuna ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa, njengesakhiwo sangaphakathi sesixhobo kunye nemeko yokugqoka yamacandelo abalulekileyo, ukuhlolwa kufuneka kuqhutywe emva kokuba izixhobo zivaliwe. Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kokuvala, imisebenzi kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana namanyathelo achaziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka kokuhlolwa.
Kwezinye izinto ezilula zokuhlola, indlela yokuhlola i-non-disassembly ingasetyenziswa. Kwezinye izinto zokuhlola ezifuna ukuqonda okunzulu kwimeko yangaphakathi yesixhobo, njengesiphoso sesizathu sokuhlalutya kunye nokuqulunqwa kwesicwangciso sokulondoloza, indlela yokuhlola i-disassembly kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-disassembly, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhuseleni amacandelo ezixhobo ukuphepha umonakalo kwisixhobo.
VIII. Ukurekhoda
Ukurekhoda kuyikhonkco ebalulekileyo ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha kufuneka zenziwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwaye zizaliswe ngokucacileyo ngokuhambelana nefomathi echaziweyo. Idatha yohlolo, umahluko ukusuka kumgangatho ochaziweyo, umbono wesigwebo, kunye noluvo lonyango kufuneka luzaliswe. Umhloli kufuneka asayine kwaye abonise ixesha lokuhlola.
Umxholo werekhodi uquka izinto zokuhlola, iziphumo zokuhlola, amaxabiso asemgangathweni, ukungafani, ukubonakaliswa kwesigwebo, iimbono zonyango, njl. Ngokurekhoda, iimeko zokusebenza zezixhobo zinokuqondwa ngexesha, kwaye iingxaki zinokusingatha ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, iirekhodi zinokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yokubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwephutha, ukunceda ukuhlalutya izizathu eziphosakeleyo kunye neendlela zokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo.
Ubume berekhodi kufuneka budityaniswe kwaye bubekwe emgangathweni ukuququzelela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nohlalutyo. Ukuzaliswa kweerekhodi kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo nangokuthembekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokunyaniseka kwedatha. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokulawula irekhodi kufuneka isungulwe ukuze ilungelelanise ulawulo lokugcinwa kwerekhodi, ukufikelela kunye nohlalutyo.
Ukurekhoda kuyikhonkco ebalulekileyo ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha kufuneka zenziwe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwaye zizaliswe ngokucacileyo ngokuhambelana nefomathi echaziweyo. Idatha yohlolo, umahluko ukusuka kumgangatho ochaziweyo, umbono wesigwebo, kunye noluvo lonyango kufuneka luzaliswe. Umhloli kufuneka asayine kwaye abonise ixesha lokuhlola.
Umxholo werekhodi uquka izinto zokuhlola, iziphumo zokuhlola, amaxabiso asemgangathweni, ukungafani, ukubonakaliswa kwesigwebo, iimbono zonyango, njl. Ngokurekhoda, iimeko zokusebenza zezixhobo zinokuqondwa ngexesha, kwaye iingxaki zinokusingatha ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, iirekhodi zinokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yokubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwephutha, ukunceda ukuhlalutya izizathu eziphosakeleyo kunye neendlela zokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo.
Ubume berekhodi kufuneka budityaniswe kwaye bubekwe emgangathweni ukuququzelela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nohlalutyo. Ukuzaliswa kweerekhodi kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo nangokuthembekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokunyaniseka kwedatha. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokulawula irekhodi kufuneka isungulwe ukuze ilungelelanise ulawulo lokugcinwa kwerekhodi, ukufikelela kunye nohlalutyo.
IX. Unyango
Unyango likhonkco eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Izinto ezinokuthi ziphathwe kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kufuneka ziphathwe kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha, kwaye iziphumo zonyango kufuneka zibhalwe kwirekhodi yonyango. Ukuba akukho buchule okanye imeko yokuyisingatha, abasebenzi abafanelekileyo kufuneka baxelelwe kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, nabani na ophetheyo nangaliphi na ixesha kufuneka agcwalise irekhodi yonyango.
Kwezinye iingxaki ezilula, ezinjengokungacoceki okwaneleyo kunye nokuthanjiswa kakubi kwesixhobo, abasebenzi abahlolayo banokusingatha kwaye bazilungise ngexesha. Kwiingxaki ezithile ezifuna ukuba kusingathwe abasebenzi bezolondolozo, ezinjengokonakaliswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza nokonakala kwecandelo, kufuneka kuxelwe kwangethuba abasebenzi abachaphazelekayo ukuze benze amalungiselelo okuba basingathwe ngabaqeshwa bezolondolozo. Xa uphatha iingxaki, imisebenzi kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana neenkqubo ezichaziweyo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwonyango.
Iziphumo zonyango kufuneka zibhalwe kwirekhodi yonyango, kubandakanywa ixesha lokunyanga, abasebenzi bonyango, iindlela zonyango, kunye nemiphumo yonyango. Ngokusebenzisa irekhodi yonyango, imeko yokusingatha iingxaki inokuqondwa ngexesha, inika isalathiso somsebenzi wokuhlola olandelayo.
Unyango likhonkco eliphambili ekuhlolweni kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Izinto ezinokuthi ziphathwe kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha lokuhlolwa kufuneka ziphathwe kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha, kwaye iziphumo zonyango kufuneka zibhalwe kwirekhodi yonyango. Ukuba akukho buchule okanye imeko yokuyisingatha, abasebenzi abafanelekileyo kufuneka baxelelwe kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, nabani na ophetheyo nangaliphi na ixesha kufuneka agcwalise irekhodi yonyango.
Kwezinye iingxaki ezilula, ezinjengokungacoceki okwaneleyo kunye nokuthanjiswa kakubi kwesixhobo, abasebenzi abahlolayo banokusingatha kwaye bazilungise ngexesha. Kwiingxaki ezithile ezifuna ukuba kusingathwe abasebenzi bezolondolozo, ezinjengokonakaliswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza nokonakala kwecandelo, kufuneka kuxelwe kwangethuba abasebenzi abachaphazelekayo ukuze benze amalungiselelo okuba basingathwe ngabaqeshwa bezolondolozo. Xa uphatha iingxaki, imisebenzi kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana neenkqubo ezichaziweyo zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwonyango.
Iziphumo zonyango kufuneka zibhalwe kwirekhodi yonyango, kubandakanywa ixesha lokunyanga, abasebenzi bonyango, iindlela zonyango, kunye nemiphumo yonyango. Ngokusebenzisa irekhodi yonyango, imeko yokusingatha iingxaki inokuqondwa ngexesha, inika isalathiso somsebenzi wokuhlola olandelayo.
X. Uhlalutyo
Uhlalutyo sisishwankathelo sekhonkco lokuhlola isixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Iirekhodi zokuhlola kunye neerekhodi zonyango kufuneka zihlaziywe ngokucwangcisiweyo rhoqo ukuze kufumaneke "amanqaku okugcina" abuthathaka, oko kukuthi, amanqaku anezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli okanye amakhonkco kunye nelahleko enkulu, ukubeka phambili izimvo, kwaye uzingenise kubaqulunqi bokuphucula ukuyila.
Ngokuhlalutya iirekhodi zokuhlola kunye neerekhodi zonyango, iimeko zokusebenza kunye neepatheni zokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo zingaqondwa, kwaye izixhumanisi ezibuthathaka zezixhobo zinokufumaneka. Kwiindawo zokugcina ezinezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli, ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa kufuneka kuqiniswe, kwaye amanyathelo ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli. Ukudibanisa kunye nelahleko enkulu, ukuyila kokuphucula kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo.
Iziphumo zocazululo kufuneka zenziwe zibe ziingxelo kwaye zingeniswe kumasebe afanelekileyo nabasebenzi ukuze kubonelelwe ngesiseko sokwenziwa kwezigqibo zophuculo nolawulo lwezixhobo. Ngelo xesha, iziphumo zokuhlalutya kufuneka zilandelelwe kwaye ziqinisekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanyathelo okuphucula.
Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC kunokwahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amabini: ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kunye nokuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo. Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kunoxanduva lokuhlola amacandelo aqhelekileyo omatshini womatshini, ukuphatha kunye nokuhlola iimpazamo ezenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini, kwaye kuqhutywe ngabaqhubi bezixhobo zomatshini. Ukuhlolwa kwexesha elipheleleyo kuxanduva lokuqhuba uhlolo oluphambili kunye nokubekwa kweliso kwemeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo yamacandelo aphambili kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo omatshini womatshini rhoqo, ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zokuhlola, ukwenza iirekhodi zokuxilonga, ukuhlalutya iziphumo zokugcinwa, kunye nokucebisa iingcebiso zokuphucula ulawulo lokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kwaye kuqhutywa ngabasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kusisiseko sokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ngokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla, abaqhubi banokufumana iingxaki ezincinci zesixhobo ngexesha kwaye baphephe ukwanda kweengxaki. Imixholo yokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla ibandakanya ukubonakala, ukucoceka, imeko yokuthambisa, kunye nesandi sokusebenza kwesixhobo. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka baqhube uhlolo ngokwexesha kunye nendlela echaziweyo kwaye babhale iziphumo zohlolo kwifomu yokuhlola yemihla ngemihla.
Ukuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo ngundoqo wokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ngokuhlola ixesha elizeleyo, abasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo banokuqonda ngokunzulu iimeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo, bafumane iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke kwisixhobo ngexesha, kwaye banike inkxaso yedatha yokubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwephutha. Imixholo yokuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwamacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo ezixhobo, ukubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo, kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo. Abasebenzi bolondolozo lwexesha elizeleyo kufuneka baqhube uhlolo ngokwexesha elichaziweyo kunye nendlela kwaye barekhode iziphumo zohlolo kwifomu yokuhlola esisigxina.
Njengenkqubo yomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC kufuneka kuphunyezwe ngokungqongqo kwaye kukhuthazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza, iziqulatho zokuhlola izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zingadweliswa kwitheyibhile emfutshane okanye imelwe ngumzobo. Ngohlobo lwetheyibhile okanye umzobo, iziqulatho kunye neendlela zokuhlola zingabonakaliswa intuitively, ziququzelele ukusebenza kwabasebenzi bokuhlola.
Ekugqibeleni, ukulawulwa kokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC yiprojekthi ecwangcisiweyo efuna ulawulo olubanzi oluvela kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana namanqaku aqingqiweyo, imigangatho emiselweyo, amaxesha amisiweyo, izinto ezimiselweyo, abasebenzi abasisigxina, iindlela ezimiselweyo, ukuhlolwa, ukurekhoda, unyango kunye nohlalutyo. Kuphela ngolawulo lokuhlola lwenzululwazi kunye nomgangatho osemgangathweni apho iingxaki ezinokubakho zezixhobo zinokufumaneka ngexesha, izinga lokungaphumeleli lincitshiswe, ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo kuphuculwe, kunye nenkxaso eyomeleleyo yemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini.
Uhlalutyo sisishwankathelo sekhonkco lokuhlola isixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Iirekhodi zokuhlola kunye neerekhodi zonyango kufuneka zihlaziywe ngokucwangcisiweyo rhoqo ukuze kufumaneke "amanqaku okugcina" abuthathaka, oko kukuthi, amanqaku anezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli okanye amakhonkco kunye nelahleko enkulu, ukubeka phambili izimvo, kwaye uzingenise kubaqulunqi bokuphucula ukuyila.
Ngokuhlalutya iirekhodi zokuhlola kunye neerekhodi zonyango, iimeko zokusebenza kunye neepatheni zokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo zingaqondwa, kwaye izixhumanisi ezibuthathaka zezixhobo zinokufumaneka. Kwiindawo zokugcina ezinezinga eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli, ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa kufuneka kuqiniswe, kwaye amanyathelo ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ukunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli. Ukudibanisa kunye nelahleko enkulu, ukuyila kokuphucula kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo.
Iziphumo zocazululo kufuneka zenziwe zibe ziingxelo kwaye zingeniswe kumasebe afanelekileyo nabasebenzi ukuze kubonelelwe ngesiseko sokwenziwa kwezigqibo zophuculo nolawulo lwezixhobo. Ngelo xesha, iziphumo zokuhlalutya kufuneka zilandelelwe kwaye ziqinisekiswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanyathelo okuphucula.
Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC kunokwahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amabini: ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kunye nokuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo. Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kunoxanduva lokuhlola amacandelo aqhelekileyo omatshini womatshini, ukuphatha kunye nokuhlola iimpazamo ezenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini, kwaye kuqhutywe ngabaqhubi bezixhobo zomatshini. Ukuhlolwa kwexesha elipheleleyo kuxanduva lokuqhuba uhlolo oluphambili kunye nokubekwa kweliso kwemeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo yamacandelo aphambili kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo omatshini womatshini rhoqo, ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zokuhlola, ukwenza iirekhodi zokuxilonga, ukuhlalutya iziphumo zokugcinwa, kunye nokucebisa iingcebiso zokuphucula ulawulo lokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kwaye kuqhutywa ngabasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo.
Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kusisiseko sokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ngokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla, abaqhubi banokufumana iingxaki ezincinci zesixhobo ngexesha kwaye baphephe ukwanda kweengxaki. Imixholo yokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla ibandakanya ukubonakala, ukucoceka, imeko yokuthambisa, kunye nesandi sokusebenza kwesixhobo. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka baqhube uhlolo ngokwexesha kunye nendlela echaziweyo kwaye babhale iziphumo zohlolo kwifomu yokuhlola yemihla ngemihla.
Ukuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo ngundoqo wokuhlolwa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ngokuhlola ixesha elizeleyo, abasebenzi bexesha elizeleyo banokuqonda ngokunzulu iimeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo, bafumane iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke kwisixhobo ngexesha, kwaye banike inkxaso yedatha yokubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwephutha. Imixholo yokuhlolwa kwexesha elizeleyo ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwamacandelo abalulekileyo kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo ezixhobo, ukubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo, kunye nokuxilongwa kwempazamo. Abasebenzi bolondolozo lwexesha elizeleyo kufuneka baqhube uhlolo ngokwexesha elichaziweyo kunye nendlela kwaye barekhode iziphumo zohlolo kwifomu yokuhlola esisigxina.
Njengenkqubo yomsebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC kufuneka kuphunyezwe ngokungqongqo kwaye kukhuthazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza, iziqulatho zokuhlola izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zingadweliswa kwitheyibhile emfutshane okanye imelwe ngumzobo. Ngohlobo lwetheyibhile okanye umzobo, iziqulatho kunye neendlela zokuhlola zingabonakaliswa intuitively, ziququzelele ukusebenza kwabasebenzi bokuhlola.
Ekugqibeleni, ukulawulwa kokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC yiprojekthi ecwangcisiweyo efuna ulawulo olubanzi oluvela kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana namanqaku aqingqiweyo, imigangatho emiselweyo, amaxesha amisiweyo, izinto ezimiselweyo, abasebenzi abasisigxina, iindlela ezimiselweyo, ukuhlolwa, ukurekhoda, unyango kunye nohlalutyo. Kuphela ngolawulo lokuhlola lwenzululwazi kunye nomgangatho osemgangathweni apho iingxaki ezinokubakho zezixhobo zinokufumaneka ngexesha, izinga lokungaphumeleli lincitshiswe, ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo kuphuculwe, kunye nenkxaso eyomeleleyo yemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamashishini.