"Ingcaciso eneenkcukacha yamanyathelo oLumkelo lokuSebenzisa iziXhobo zoomatshini be-CNC"
Njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo kwimveliso yanamhlanje, izixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuchaneka komatshini. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqatshelwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
I. IiMfuno zaBasebenzi
Abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kufuneka babe ziingcali ezilawula ubuchule besixhobo somatshini esihambelanayo okanye abo bafumene uqeqesho lobugcisa. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziphezulu-zichanekile kwaye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kakhulu. Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo kufuna ulwazi oluthile lobungcali kunye nezakhono. Abasebenzi kuphela abaye bafumana uqeqesho lobuchwephesha banokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo umgaqo wokusebenza, indlela yokusebenza kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini.
Abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bokulondoloza kufuneka basebenzise isixhobo somatshini ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza yokhuseleko. Iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko ziqulunqwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo kwaye kufuneka kugcinwe ngokungqongqo. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenze isixhobo somatshini, umntu kufuneka aqhelane nendawo kunye nomsebenzi wepaneli yokusebenza, amaqhosha okulawula kunye nezixhobo zokhuseleko zesixhobo somatshini, kwaye aqonde uluhlu lokucubungula kunye nomthamo wokuqhuba isixhobo somatshini. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekugcineni ugxininiso ukuze ugweme ukusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokusebenza ngokungekho mthethweni.
Abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kufuneka babe ziingcali ezilawula ubuchule besixhobo somatshini esihambelanayo okanye abo bafumene uqeqesho lobugcisa. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ziphezulu-zichanekile kwaye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kakhulu. Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo kufuna ulwazi oluthile lobungcali kunye nezakhono. Abasebenzi kuphela abaye bafumana uqeqesho lobuchwephesha banokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo umgaqo wokusebenza, indlela yokusebenza kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwesixhobo somatshini, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini.
Abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi bokulondoloza kufuneka basebenzise isixhobo somatshini ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza yokhuseleko. Iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko ziqulunqwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo kwaye kufuneka kugcinwe ngokungqongqo. Ngaphambi kokuba usebenze isixhobo somatshini, umntu kufuneka aqhelane nendawo kunye nomsebenzi wepaneli yokusebenza, amaqhosha okulawula kunye nezixhobo zokhuseleko zesixhobo somatshini, kwaye aqonde uluhlu lokucubungula kunye nomthamo wokuqhuba isixhobo somatshini. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekugcineni ugxininiso ukuze ugweme ukusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokusebenza ngokungekho mthethweni.
II. Ukusetyenziswa kweengcango zeKhabhinethi yoMbane
Abangengabo abachwephesha abavumelekanga ukuba bavule umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane. Inkqubo yokulawula umbane wesixhobo somatshini, kubandakanywa amacandelo abalulekileyo afana nokunikezelwa kwamandla, umlawuli kunye nomqhubi, ufakwe kwikhabhinethi yombane. Abangengabo oochwephesha abavula ucango lwekhabhathi yombane banokudibana nombane one-voltage ephezulu okanye izixhobo zombane ezingalunganga, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ezimandundu ezifana nokutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo.
Ngaphambi kokuvula umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini ucinyiwe. Xa uvula umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane ukuze uhlolwe okanye ukugcinwa, umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini kufuneka ucinywe kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bolondolozo abavumelekileyo ukuvula ucango lwekhabhathi yombane ukuze luhlolwe umbane. Banolwazi lobuchwephesha bombane kunye nezakhono kwaye banokugweba ngokuchanekileyo kwaye baphathe iimpazamo zombane.
Abangengabo abachwephesha abavumelekanga ukuba bavule umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane. Inkqubo yokulawula umbane wesixhobo somatshini, kubandakanywa amacandelo abalulekileyo afana nokunikezelwa kwamandla, umlawuli kunye nomqhubi, ufakwe kwikhabhinethi yombane. Abangengabo oochwephesha abavula ucango lwekhabhathi yombane banokudibana nombane one-voltage ephezulu okanye izixhobo zombane ezingalunganga, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ezimandundu ezifana nokutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo.
Ngaphambi kokuvula umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini ucinyiwe. Xa uvula umnyango wekhabhinethi yombane ukuze uhlolwe okanye ukugcinwa, umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini kufuneka ucinywe kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bolondolozo abavumelekileyo ukuvula ucango lwekhabhathi yombane ukuze luhlolwe umbane. Banolwazi lobuchwephesha bombane kunye nezakhono kwaye banokugweba ngokuchanekileyo kwaye baphathe iimpazamo zombane.
III. Ukuguqulwa kweParameter
Ngaphandle kwezinye iiparamitha ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwaye zilungiswe ngabasebenzisi, abasebenzisi abanako ukuguqula ezinye iiparameters zesistim, i-spindle parameters, i-servo parameters, njl. ngasese. Iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zilungiswa ngononophelo kwaye ziphuculwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuguqula ezi parameters ngasese kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungazinzanga kwesixhobo somatshini, ukunciphisa ukuchaneka komatshini, kunye nomonakalo kwisixhobo somatshini kunye nomsebenzi.
Emva kokuguqula iiparitha, xa usenza umsebenzi womatshini, isixhobo somatshini kufuneka sivavanywe ngokuvala isixhobo somatshini kunye nokusebenzisa amacandelo eprogram enye ngaphandle kokufaka izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza. Emva kokuguqula iiparitha, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini, kufuneka kuqhutywe uvavanyo. Ngethuba lokuvavanya, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza akufanele zifakwe kuqala, kwaye isixhobo somatshini kufuneka sivalwe kwaye amacandelo eprogram enye kufuneka asetyenziswe ukufumanisa nokusombulula iingxaki ngexesha. Kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo somatshini siqhelekileyo sinokuthi isixhobo somatshini sisetyenziswe ngokusemthethweni kwi-machining.
Ngaphandle kwezinye iiparamitha ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwaye zilungiswe ngabasebenzisi, abasebenzisi abanako ukuguqula ezinye iiparameters zesistim, i-spindle parameters, i-servo parameters, njl. ngasese. Iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zilungiswa ngononophelo kwaye ziphuculwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini. Ukuguqula ezi parameters ngasese kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungazinzanga kwesixhobo somatshini, ukunciphisa ukuchaneka komatshini, kunye nomonakalo kwisixhobo somatshini kunye nomsebenzi.
Emva kokuguqula iiparitha, xa usenza umsebenzi womatshini, isixhobo somatshini kufuneka sivavanywe ngokuvala isixhobo somatshini kunye nokusebenzisa amacandelo eprogram enye ngaphandle kokufaka izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza. Emva kokuguqula iiparitha, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini, kufuneka kuqhutywe uvavanyo. Ngethuba lokuvavanya, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza akufanele zifakwe kuqala, kwaye isixhobo somatshini kufuneka sivalwe kwaye amacandelo eprogram enye kufuneka asetyenziswe ukufumanisa nokusombulula iingxaki ngexesha. Kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo somatshini siqhelekileyo sinokuthi isixhobo somatshini sisetyenziswe ngokusemthethweni kwi-machining.
IV. Inkqubo yePLC
Inkqubo ye-PLC yezixhobo zomshini we-CNC yenzelwe umenzi wesixhobo somatshini ngokweemfuno zesixhobo somatshini kwaye ayifuni ukuguqulwa. Inkqubo ye-PLC yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulawula isixhobo somatshini, elawula izenzo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobudlelwane obunengqiqo besixhobo somatshini. Umenzi wesixhobo somatshini uyila inkqubo ye-PLC ngokuhambelana nomsebenzi kunye neemfuno zokusebenza zesixhobo somatshini. Ngokubanzi, abasebenzisi akufuneki bayiguqule. Ukuguqulwa okungalunganga kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwesixhobo somatshini, umonakalo kwisixhobo somatshini kunye nokwenzakala kumsebenzisi.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuguqula inkqubo ye-PLC, kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi kwesikhokelo seengcali. Kwezinye iimeko ezizodwa, inkqubo ye-PLC inokufuna ukulungiswa. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi kolawulo lweengcali ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko lokuguqulwa. Iingcali zinamava eprogram ye-PLC ecebileyo kunye nolwazi lwesixhobo somatshini, kwaye banokugweba ngokuchanekileyo imfuneko kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kokuguqulwa kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ahambelanayo.
Inkqubo ye-PLC yezixhobo zomshini we-CNC yenzelwe umenzi wesixhobo somatshini ngokweemfuno zesixhobo somatshini kwaye ayifuni ukuguqulwa. Inkqubo ye-PLC yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulawula isixhobo somatshini, elawula izenzo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobudlelwane obunengqiqo besixhobo somatshini. Umenzi wesixhobo somatshini uyila inkqubo ye-PLC ngokuhambelana nomsebenzi kunye neemfuno zokusebenza zesixhobo somatshini. Ngokubanzi, abasebenzisi akufuneki bayiguqule. Ukuguqulwa okungalunganga kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwesixhobo somatshini, umonakalo kwisixhobo somatshini kunye nokwenzakala kumsebenzisi.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuguqula inkqubo ye-PLC, kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi kwesikhokelo seengcali. Kwezinye iimeko ezizodwa, inkqubo ye-PLC inokufuna ukulungiswa. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi kolawulo lweengcali ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko lokuguqulwa. Iingcali zinamava eprogram ye-PLC ecebileyo kunye nolwazi lwesixhobo somatshini, kwaye banokugweba ngokuchanekileyo imfuneko kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kokuguqulwa kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ahambelanayo.
V. Ixesha eliqhubekayo lokuSebenza
Kucetyiswa ukuba ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC akufanele kudlule iiyure ezingama-24. Ngethuba lokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC, inkqubo yombane kunye namanye amacandelo omatshini aya kuvelisa ukushisa. Ukuba ixesha eliqhubekayo lokusebenza lide kakhulu, ukushisa okuqokelelweyo kunokugqithisa amandla okuthwala izixhobo, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Ukongeza, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwexesha elide kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini kunye nokuchaphazela umgangatho wokucubungula.
Lungiselela imisebenzi yemveliso ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukusebenza okungapheliyo kwexesha elide. Ukuze kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komatshini, imisebenzi yokuvelisa kufuneka ilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukusebenza kwexesha elide eliqhubekayo. Iindlela ezinjengokutshintshana kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezininzi zoomatshini kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kokuvalwa kokuvalwa kunokwamkelwa ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha eliqhubekayo lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini.
Kucetyiswa ukuba ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC akufanele kudlule iiyure ezingama-24. Ngethuba lokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo zomshini we-CNC, inkqubo yombane kunye namanye amacandelo omatshini aya kuvelisa ukushisa. Ukuba ixesha eliqhubekayo lokusebenza lide kakhulu, ukushisa okuqokelelweyo kunokugqithisa amandla okuthwala izixhobo, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Ukongeza, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwexesha elide kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuchaneka kwesixhobo somatshini kunye nokuchaphazela umgangatho wokucubungula.
Lungiselela imisebenzi yemveliso ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukusebenza okungapheliyo kwexesha elide. Ukuze kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komatshini, imisebenzi yokuvelisa kufuneka ilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukusebenza kwexesha elide eliqhubekayo. Iindlela ezinjengokutshintshana kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezininzi zoomatshini kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kokuvalwa kokuvalwa kunokwamkelwa ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha eliqhubekayo lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini.
VI. Ukusebenza kweZiqhagamshelo kunye neziHlanganiso
Kuzo zonke iziqhagamshelo kunye nezihlanganisi zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, ukutshisa okutshisa kunye nokukhupha imisebenzi akuvumelekanga. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, izixhumi kunye nezihlanganisi zinokuthwala umbane ophezulu. Ukuba ukufakwa kweplagi eshushu kunye nokukhupha iiplagi kuyenziwa, oko kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezimandundu ezifana nokutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo.
Ngaphambi kokusebenza kweziqhagamshelo kunye namalungu, ukutshintshwa kwamandla okuphambili kwisixhobo somatshini kufuneka kucinywe kuqala. Xa kuyimfuneko ukukhupha iplagi okanye iplagi kwi-connectors okanye i-joints, umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini kufuneka ucinywe kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Ngethuba lokusebenza, kufuneka baphathwe ngokunyamekela ukuphepha umonakalo kwizixhumi kunye namalungu.
Kuzo zonke iziqhagamshelo kunye nezihlanganisi zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, ukutshisa okutshisa kunye nokukhupha imisebenzi akuvumelekanga. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, izixhumi kunye nezihlanganisi zinokuthwala umbane ophezulu. Ukuba ukufakwa kweplagi eshushu kunye nokukhupha iiplagi kuyenziwa, oko kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezimandundu ezifana nokutshatyalaliswa kombane kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo.
Ngaphambi kokusebenza kweziqhagamshelo kunye namalungu, ukutshintshwa kwamandla okuphambili kwisixhobo somatshini kufuneka kucinywe kuqala. Xa kuyimfuneko ukukhupha iplagi okanye iplagi kwi-connectors okanye i-joints, umbane oyintloko wesixhobo somatshini kufuneka ucinywe kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Ngethuba lokusebenza, kufuneka baphathwe ngokunyamekela ukuphepha umonakalo kwizixhumi kunye namalungu.
Ekugqibeleni, xa usebenzisa izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC, iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko kufuneka igcinwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Abasebenzi kunye nabasebenzi bolondolozo kufuneka babe nolwazi lobuchwephesha kunye nezakhono, benze imisebenzi yabo ngononophelo, kwaye benze umsebenzi olungileyo ekusebenzeni, ekulondolozweni nasekugcinweni kwesixhobo somatshini. Kuphela ngale ndlela izibonelelo zezixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC zinokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho womatshini uphuculwe, kwaye igalelo lenziwe kuphuhliso lwamashishini.