《Utoliko oluneenkcukacha lweNkqubo yokuSebenza ngokuKhuselekileyo kuMaziko oMatshini othe nkqo》
I. Intshayelelo
Njengesixhobo esiphezulu-echanekileyo kunye nephezulu-esebenzayo, iziko lomatshini elithe nkqo lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukuchaneka okuphezulu komatshini kunye nokubandakanya iinkqubo ezinzima zoomatshini kunye nombane, kukho imingcipheko ethile yokhuseleko ngexesha lomsebenzi. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthobela ngokungqongqo iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo eneenkcukacha kunye nohlalutyo olunzulu lwenkqubo nganye yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.
II. Iinkqubo zokuSebenza eziKhethekileyo eziKhuselekileyo
Thobela iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zabasebenzi bokusila nabadikayo. Nxiba amanqaku okukhusela abasebenzi njengoko kufuneka.
Iinkqubo ezikhuselekileyo zokusebenza kubasebenzi bokusila kunye nabasebenzi abakruqulayo zezona nqobo zokhuseleko ezisisishwankathelo ngokusebenza kwexesha elide. Oku kubandakanya ukugqoka izigqoko zokukhusela, iiglasi zokukhusela, iiglavu ezikhuselayo, izicathulo ze-anti - impact, njl. Izigqoko zokhuseleko zinokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo intloko ukuba ingalimala ngokuwa kwezinto ezivela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo; iiglasi zokhuseleko zinokuthintela amehlo ukuba enzekaliswa ziziphazamiso ezifana neetshiphu zetsimbi kunye nesipholisi esiveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini; iiglavu ezikhuselayo zinokukhusela izandla ukuba zingatshatyalaliswa ngezixhobo, imiphetho yomsebenzi, njl njl ngexesha lokusebenza; izihlangu ezichasene nempembelelo zinokuthintela iinyawo ukuba zingonakaliswe zizinto ezinzima. La manqaku okhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngumgca wokuqala wokukhusela kubaqhubi kwindawo yokusebenza, kwaye ukungahoywa nayiphi na kubo kunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezinzulu zokwenzakala.
Jonga ukuba udibaniso lwesibambo sokusebenza, iswitshi, iknobhu, i-fixture mechanism kunye ne-hydraulic piston zikwindawo echanekileyo, ingaba umsebenzi ubhetyebhetye, nokuba izixhobo zokhuseleko ziphelele kwaye zithembekile.
Izikhundla ezichanekileyo zesiphatho sokusebenza, ukutshintsha kunye ne-knob ziqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zinokusebenza ngokwendlela elindelekileyo. Ukuba la malungu akakho kwindawo echanekileyo, oko kunokubangela iintshukumo zesixhobo esingaqhelekanga kwaye kukhokelela nobungozi. Umzekelo, ukuba isiphatho sokusebenza sikwindawo engalunganga, sinokubangela ukuba isixhobo sisondle xa kungafanele, kubangele ukulahlwa kwe-workpiece okanye umonakalo kwisixhobo somatshini. Imeko yoqhagamshelo lwendlela yokulungisa ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isiphumo sokugoba sesixhobo sokusebenza. Ukuba i-fixture ikhululekile, i-workpiece inokususwa ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini, engayi kuchaphazela kuphela ukuchaneka komatshini, kodwa inokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinobungozi ezifana nomonakalo wesixhobo kunye ne-workpiece ebhabha ngaphandle. Ukudityaniswa kwepiston ye-hydraulic nayo ibalulekile njengoko inxulumene nokuba inkqubo ye-hydraulic yesixhobo ingasebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Kwaye izixhobo zokukhusela, ezifana namaqhosha okumisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhusela iminyango yokukhusela, zizinto eziphambili zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi. Izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo zokhuseleko zinokumisa ngokukhawuleza izixhobo ezingxamisekileyo ukuphepha iingozi.
Jonga ukuba kukho imiqobo phakathi koluhlu olusebenzayo lwe-axis nganye yeziko lomatshini elithe nkqo.
Ngaphambi kokuba iziko lomatshini lisebenze, uluhlu olusebenzayo lwe-axis nganye (njenge-X, Y, i-axs Z, njl. njl.) kufuneka ihlolwe ngononophelo. Ubukho bayo nayiphi na imiqobo inokuthintela intshukumo yesiqhelo yee-axes zolungelelwaniso, okukhokelela kumthwalo ogqithisileyo kunye nomonakalo weenjini ze-axis, kwaye nokuba kubangele ukuba ii-axes zolungelelwaniso ziphambuke kumkhondo omiselweyo kunye nokubangela ukusilela kwesixhobo somatshini. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokuhla kwe-Z - axis, ukuba kukho izixhobo ezingacocekanga okanye izixhobo zokusebenza ezingezantsi, kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi njengokugoba i-Z - i-axis lead screw kunye nokunxitywa kwesikhokelo sikaloliwe. Oku akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela ukuchaneka komatshini wesixhobo somatshini, kodwa nokwandisa iindleko zokugcina izixhobo kunye nokubeka ingozi kukhuseleko lwabaqhubi.
Kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukusebenzisa isixhobo somatshini ngaphaya kokusebenza kwayo. Khetha isantya esifanelekileyo sokusika kunye nesantya sokutya ngokwemathiriyeli ye-workpiece.
Iziko ngalinye lomatshini elithe nkqo linemilinganiselo yalo yokusebenza eyilelweyo, kubandakanywa ubungakanani obukhulu bomatshini, amandla aphezulu, isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza, izinga eliphezulu lokutya, njl.njl Ukusebenzisa isixhobo somatshini ngaphaya kokusebenza kwayo kuya kwenza ukuba inxalenye nganye yesixhobo somatshini ithwale umthwalo ongaphaya koluhlu loyilo, okubangela iingxaki ezifana nokufudumeza kwemoto, ukunyuka kwe-screw ye-lead screw, kunye nokuguqulwa komzila wesikhokelo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhetha isantya esifanelekileyo sokusika kunye nesantya sokutya ngokwezinto zokusebenza sisitshixo sokuqinisekisa umgangatho womatshini kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zineempawu ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini ezifana nobunzima kunye nokuqina. Ngokomzekelo, kukho umehluko omkhulu kwisantya sokusika kunye nesantya sokutya xa usenza i-aluminium alloy kunye nensimbi engenasici. Ukuba isantya sokusika sikhawuleza kakhulu okanye isantya sokutya sikhulu kakhulu, oko kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kokunxitywa kwesixhobo, ukuhla komgangatho womphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza, kunye nokophuka kwesixhobo kunye nokulahlwa kwesixhobo sokusebenza.
Xa ulayisha kwaye ukhulula i-workpieces enzima, isixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuphakamisa kunye nendlela yokuphakamisa kufuneka ikhethwe ngokobunzima kunye nokuma kwendawo yokusebenza.
Kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezinzima, ukuba isixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuphakamisa kunye nendlela yokuphakamisa ayikhethwanga, kunokubakho ingozi yokuwa kwe-workpiece ngexesha lokulayisha kunye nokukhupha. Ngokobunzima bomsebenzi, iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zeekrane, ii-hoists zombane kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuphakamisa zingakhethwa. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubume be-workpiece iya kuchaphazela ukhetho lwezixhobo zokunyusa kunye neendlela zokunyusa. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo zokusebenza ezinemilo engaqhelekanga, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo okanye izixhobo zokunyusa ezineendawo ezininzi zokunyusa zingafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana kunye nokuzinza kwendawo yokusebenza ngexesha lokunyusa. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuphakamisa, umqhubi kufuneka ahlawule ingqalelo kwizinto ezifana nomthamo wokuthwala isixhobo sokuphakamisa kunye ne-angle ye-sling ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzi wokuphakamisa.
Xa i-spindle yeziko lomatshini elithe nkqo lijikeleza kwaye lihamba, linqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba lithinte i-spindle kunye nezixhobo ezifakwe ekupheleni kwe-spindle ngezandla.
Xa i-spindle ijikeleza kwaye ihamba, isantya saso sikhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye izixhobo zihlala zibukhali kakhulu. Ukuchukumisa i-spindle okanye izixhobo ngezandla kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba kubangele iminwe ibe 卷入 i-spindle okanye isikwe ngezixhobo. Nakwimeko yesantya esibonakala siphantsi, ukujikeleza kwentonga yokusonta kunye nokusika kwezixhobo kusenokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kumzimba womntu. Oku kufuna ukuba umqhubi agcine umgama owaneleyo wokhuseleko ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo kwaye athobele ngokungqongqo iinkqubo zokusebenza, kwaye ungalokothi umngcipheko wokuchukumisa i-spindle ejikelezayo kunye nezixhobo ngezandla ngenxa yokungakhathali okwethutyana.
Xa utshintsha izixhobo, umatshini kufuneka umiswe kuqala, kwaye ukutshintshwa kunokwenziwa emva kokuqinisekiswa. Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumonakalo wecala lokusika ngexesha lokutshintshwa.
Ukutshintshwa kwesixhobo ngumsebenzi oqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yomatshini, kodwa ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, iya kuzisa imingcipheko yokhuseleko. Ukutshintsha izixhobo kwimeko yokumisa kunokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzisi kwaye ugweme isixhobo ekulimazeni abantu ngenxa yokujikeleza ngokukhawuleza kwe-spindle. Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini uyekile, umqhubi kufuneka kwakhona ahlawule ingqalelo kwisalathiso kunye nesikhundla somgca wokusika xa utshintshe izixhobo zokukhusela umgca wokusika ukukrazula isandla. Ukongezelela, emva kokutshintshwa kwezixhobo, izixhobo kufuneka zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye i-clamping degree yezixhobo kufuneka ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba izixhobo aziyi kukhululeka ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini.
Akuvumelekanga ukunyathela kumphezulu kaloliwe wesikhokelo kunye nokupeyinta ubuso besixhobo okanye ukubeka izinto kuzo. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukunkqonkqoza okanye ukulungisa ii-workpieces kwi-workbench.
Isikhokelo somzila wesitimela sesixhobo siyinxalenye ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okuchanekileyo kwee-axes zokulungelelanisa, kwaye imfuno yayo yokuchaneka iphezulu kakhulu. Ukunyathela kwindawo kaloliwe yesikhokelo okanye ukubeka izinto kuyo kuya kutshabalalisa ukuchaneka komgaqo kaloliwe kwaye kuchaphazele ukuchaneka komatshini wesixhobo somatshini. Ngelo xesha, umphezulu wepeyinti awudlali nje indima yobuhle, kodwa unempembelelo ethile yokukhusela kwisixhobo. Ukonakalisa umphezulu wepeyinti kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinjengomhlwa kunye nokubola kwesixhobo. Ukunkqonkqoza okanye ukulungisa i-workpieces kwi-workbench nayo ayivumelekanga, kuba inokonakalisa i-flatness ye-workbench kwaye ichaphazele ukuchaneka kwe-machining ye-workpiece. Ukongeza, amandla empembelelo awenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokunkqonkqoza anokubangela umonakalo kwezinye iindawo zesixhobo somatshini.
Emva kokufaka iprogram ye-machining ye-workpiece entsha, ukuchaneka kweprogram kufuneka kuhlolwe, kwaye ingaba inkqubo esebenzayo yokulinganisa ichanekile. Umsebenzi womjikelo ozenzekelayo awuvumelekanga ngaphandle kovavanyo lokuthintela ukusilela kwesixhobo somatshini.
Inkqubo yomatshini we-workpiece entsha inokuba neempazamo zeprogram, ezifana neempazamo ze-syntax, iimpazamo zexabiso lokulungelelanisa, iimpazamo zendlela yesixhobo, njl. Ukuba inkqubo ayikhangelwanga kwaye iqhutywe ngendlela efaniswayo ayiqhutywa, kunye nokusebenza komjikelo ozenzekelayo ngokuthe ngqo, kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokungqubuzana phakathi kwesixhobo kunye ne-workpiece, phezu - ukuhamba kwee-axes zokulungelelanisa, kunye ne-machining dimensions. Ngokujonga ukuchaneka kweprogram, ezi mpazamo zinokufunyanwa kwaye zilungiswe ngexesha. Ukulinganisa inkqubo eqhubayo kuvumela umqhubi ukuba abone intshukumo yokuhamba kwesixhobo phambi komatshini wangempela wokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ihlangabezana neemfuno zomatshini. Kuphela emva kokutshekishwa okwaneleyo kunye nokuvavanya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ichanekile ukuba kuqhutywe umjikelezo wokuzenzekelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwenkqubo yomatshini.
Xa usebenzisa isibambi sesixhobo se-radial sentloko ejongene nokusikwa komntu ngamnye, ibha yokukruqula kufuneka ibuyiselwe kuqala kwindawo ye-zero, ize itshintshelwe kwimowudi ejongene nentloko kwimo ye-MDA kunye ne-M43. Ukuba i-U - i-axis idinga ukuhanjiswa, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-U - i-axis manual clamping device ikhululiwe.
Ukusebenza komnini wesixhobo se-radial wentloko ejongene nentloko kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokungqongqo ngokwamanyathelo achaziweyo. Ukubuyisela ibha ekruqulayo kwindawo ye-zero kuqala kunokuphepha ukuphazamiseka xa utshintshela kwimodi yentloko ejongene nayo. Imowudi ye-MDA (iNgeniso yeDatha yeManuwali) yimowudi yokucwangcisa ngesandla kunye nokuphumeza. Ukusebenzisa umyalelo we-M43 ukutshintshela kwimowudi yentloko ejongene nayo yinkqubo yokusebenza echazwe kwisixhobo. Ukuhamba kwe-U - axis, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-U - i-axis manual clamping device ikhululiwe, kuba ukuba i-clamping device ayikhululi, inokubangela ubunzima ekuhambiseni i-U - axis kwaye ide yonakalise indlela yokuhanjiswa kwe-U - axis. Ukuphunyezwa ngokungqongqo kwala manyathelo okusebenza kunokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo komnini wesixhobo se-radial sentloko ejongene nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kokusilela kwezixhobo kunye neengozi zokhuseleko.
Xa kuyimfuneko ukujikeleza i-workbench (B - axis) ngexesha lomsebenzi, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ayiyi kungqubana nezinye iinxalenye zesixhobo somatshini okanye ezinye izinto ezijikeleze isixhobo somatshini ngexesha lokujikeleza.
Ukujikeleza kwebhentshi yokusebenza (B - axis) ibandakanya uluhlu olukhulu lokunyakaza. Ukuba ingqubana nezinye iinxalenye zesixhobo somatshini okanye izinto ezijikelezileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokujikeleza, inokubangela umonakalo kwibhentshi yokusebenzela kunye nezinye iindawo, kwaye ide ichaphazele ukuchaneka okupheleleyo kwesixhobo somatshini. Ngaphambi kokujikeleza i-workbench, umqhubi kufuneka aqwalasele ngokucophelela indawo engqongileyo kwaye akhangele ukuba kukho imiqobo. Kwezinye iimeko zomatshini onzima, kunokufuneka ukuba kuqhutywe ukulinganisa okanye imilinganiselo kwangaphambili ukuze kuqinisekiswe indawo ekhuselekileyo yokujikeleza kwebhentshi yokusebenza.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kweziko lomatshini elithe nkqo, akuvumelekanga ukuchukumisa iindawo ezijikeleze i-screw lead ejikelezayo, intonga egudileyo, i-spindle kunye nentloko ejongene nayo, kwaye umqhubi akayi kuhlala kwiindawo ezihambayo zesixhobo somatshini.
Iindawo ezijikeleze isikrufu sokujikeleza esijikelezayo, intonga egudileyo, intonga yokusonta kunye nentloko ejongene nayo ziindawo eziyingozi kakhulu. La malungu anesantya esiphezulu kunye namandla amakhulu e-kinetic ngexesha lomsebenzi, kwaye ukuwachukumisa kunokukhokelela kukwenzakala okukhulu komntu. Kwangaxeshanye, kukho neengozi kwiindawo ezihambayo zesixhobo somatshini ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba umqhubi uhlala phezu kwabo, unokubanjwa kwindawo enobungozi kunye nokunyakaza kwamalungu okanye ukulimala ngokuxinzelela phakathi kweendawo ezihambayo kunye nezinye iindawo ezizinzileyo. Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini, umqhubi kufuneka agcine umgama okhuselekileyo kule mimandla eyingozi ukuze aqinisekise ukhuseleko lwakhe.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kweziko lomatshini elithe nkqo, umqhubi akavumelekanga ukuba ashiye indawo yokusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume okanye aphathise abanye ukuba bayinyamekele.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini, iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezingaqhelekanga zinokuthi zenzeke, njengokunxiba isixhobo, ukukhulula i-workpiece, kunye nokusilela kwesixhobo. Ukuba umqhubi ushiya indawo yokusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume okanye uphathise abanye ukuba basinyamekele, oko kunokukhokelela ekusileleni ukufumanisa nokujongana nezi meko zingaqhelekanga kwangethuba, ngaloo ndlela kubangele iingozi ezimandundu zokhuseleko okanye umonakalo wesixhobo. Umsebenzisi kufuneka anikele ingqalelo kwimeko yokusebenza yesixhobo somatshini ngamaxesha onke kwaye athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo naziphi na iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yomatshini.
Xa iziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kunye neengxolo zenzeke ngexesha lokusebenza kweziko lomatshini olumileyo, umatshini kufuneka umiswe ngokukhawuleza, isizathu kufuneka sifumaneke, kwaye kufuneka siphathwe ngexesha.
Iziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kunye nengxolo zidla ngokuba zizandulela zokusilela kwezixhobo. Umzekelo, ukungcangcazela okungaqhelekanga kusenokuba luphawu lokunxitywa kwesixhobo, ukungalingani okanye ukukhulula amalungu esixhobo somatshini; ingxolo ebukhali inokuba yimbonakaliso yeengxaki ezifana nokuthwala umonakalo kunye ne-gear meshing embi. Ukumisa umatshini ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela ukungaphumeleli ekwandiseni ngakumbi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala kwezixhobo kunye neengozi zokhuseleko. Ukufumana isizathu kufuna ukuba umqhubi abe nolwazi oluthile lokugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye namava, kwaye ufumane unobangela wokungaphumeleli ngokuqwalasela, ukuhlolwa kunye nezinye iindlela, kwaye ujongane nayo ngexesha, njengokutshintsha izixhobo ezigugileyo, ukuqinisa iindawo ezikhululekile, kunye nokutshintsha iibheringi ezonakeleyo.
Xa ibhokisi ye-spindle kunye ne-workbench yesixhobo somatshini ikwindawo okanye ikufutshane neendawo zomda wentshukumo, umqhubi akayi kungena kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
(1) Phakathi komphezulu ongaphantsi webhokisi yokusonta kunye nomzimba womatshini;
(2) Phakathi kweshafu ekruqukileyo kunye nesixhobo sokusetyenzwa;
(3) Phakathi kweshaft ekruqulayo xa yandiswa kunye nomzimba womatshini okanye indawo yokusebenza;
(4) Phakathi kwebhentshi yokusebenza kunye nebhokisi yokuphotha ngexesha lokunyakaza;
(5) Phakathi kombhobho womsila ongasemva kunye nodonga kunye netanki yeoli xa ishafti edikayo ijikeleza;
(6) Phakathi kwebhentshi yokusebenzela kunye nekholamu yangaphambili;
(7) Ezinye iindawo ezinokubangela ukucudisa.
Xa la macandelo esixhobo somatshini ekwindawo okanye ekufutshane neendawo zomda wentshukumo, ezi ndawo ziya kuba yingozi kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, isithuba phakathi kwendawo ephantsi yebhokisi ye-spindle kunye nomzimba womatshini unokucutheka ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuhamba kwebhokisi le-spindle, kwaye ukungena kule ndawo kunokubangela ukuba umqhubi afakwe; kukho iingozi ezifanayo kwiindawo phakathi kwe-shaft ekruqulayo kunye ne-workpiece, phakathi kwe-shaft ekruqulayo xa yandiswa kunye nomzimba womatshini okanye i-workbench surface, njl. Umqhubi kufuneka ahlale enikela ingqalelo kwizikhundla zala malungu, kwaye aphephe ukungena kule mimandla enobungozi xa besondele kwizithuba zomda we-motion ukuthintela iingozi zokulimala komntu.
Xa ucima iziko lomatshini elithe nkqo, ibhentshi yokusebenzela kufuneka ibuyiselwe kwindawo ephakathi, ibar enesithukuthezi kufuneka ibuyiselwe, emva koko inkqubo yokusebenza kufuneka iphume, kwaye ekugqibeleni umbane kufuneka unqunyulwe.
Ukubuyisela i-workbench kwindawo ephakathi kunye nokubuyisela i-bar ekruqulayo kunokuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sikwimeko ekhuselekileyo xa siqaliswa kwixesha elizayo, ukuphepha ukuqala-ubunzima okanye iingozi zokungqubuzana ngenxa ye-workbench okanye i-bar ekruqulayo kwindawo elinganiselweyo. Ukuphuma kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunokuqinisekisa ukuba idatha kwisistim igcinwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ilahleko yedatha iyaphetshwa. Ekugqibeleni, ukunqumla ukunikezelwa kwamandla kuyinyathelo lokugqibela lokuvala ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziphelise iingozi zokhuseleko lombane.
III. Isishwankathelo
Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zeziko lomatshini oluthe nkqo zingundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo, ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi kunye nomgangatho womatshini. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka baqonde nzulu kwaye bathobele ngokungqongqo inkqubo nganye yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo, kwaye akukho zinkcukacha ukusuka ekunxibeni amanqaku okhuseleko lwabasebenzi ukuya ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo ezinokungahoywa. Kungale ndlela kuphela iingenelo zokulungisa iziko lomatshini elithe nkqo zinokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphuculwe, kwaye iingozi zokhuseleko ziya kuphetshwa ngaxeshanye. Amashishini kufuneka aqinise uqeqesho lokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, aphucule ulwazi ngokhuseleko kunye nezakhono zokusebenza kwabaqhubi, kwaye aqinisekise ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho zamashishini.