Uhlahlelo kunye neendlela zokuphelisa iiNdlela zokuReference Point Return Return ye-CNC Machine Tools
I-Abstract: Eli phepha lihlalutya ngokunzulu umgaqo wesixhobo somatshini we-CNC obuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, ukugubungela ivaliwe - i-loop, i-semi - ivaliwe - i-loop kunye ne-open - loop systems. Ngokusebenzisa imizekelo ethile, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubuyiswa kweempazamo ze-CNC izixhobo zomatshini zixutyushwa ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa ukuxilongwa kwephutha, iindlela zokuhlalutya kunye nezicwangciso zokuphelisa, kunye neengcebiso zokuphucula zibekwe phambili kwisixhobo sokutshintsha isixhobo sesixhobo somatshini weziko lomatshini.
I. Intshayelelo
Umsebenzi wokubuyisela inqaku lereferensi yencwadana iyimfuneko yokuseka inkqubo yokulungelelanisa isixhobo somatshini. Isenzo sokuqala sezixhobo ezininzi zoomatshini be-CNC emva kokuqalisa kukusebenza ngesandla imbuyekezo yendawo yesalathiso. Iimpazamo zokubuyisela indawo yereferensi ziya kuthintela ukuqhubekekiswa kwenkqubo ekuqhutyweni, kwaye iindawo ezingachanekanga zezalathiso ziyakuchaphazela ukuchaneka komatshini kwaye zibangele nengozi yontlitheko. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlalutya kunye nokuphelisa iimpazamo zokubuya kweereferensi.
II. Imigaqo ye-CNC yoMshini weZixhobo eziBuyisela kwiNqanaba lokuBonisa
(A) Ukuhlelwa kwenkqubo
Ivaliwe - inkqubo ye-CNC ye-loop: Ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sempendulo yokufumanisa ukufuduka komgca wokugqibela.
I-Semi - ivaliwe - i-loop ye-CNC inkqubo: Isixhobo sokulinganisa isikhundla sifakwe kwi-shaft ejikelezayo ye-servo motor okanye ekupheleni kwe-screw ekhokelayo, kwaye umqondiso wempendulo uthathwa kwi-angular displacement.
Vula-loop inkqubo ye-CNC: Ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokubona ingxelo yesikhundla.
(B) Iindlela zokubuyisela iingongoma ekubhekiselwa kuzo
Indlela yegridi yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi
Indlela yegridi epheleleyo: Sebenzisa i-absolute pulse encoder okanye irula yokugawula ukubuyela kwindawo yereferensi. Ngexesha lokulungiswa kwesixhobo somatshini, indawo yesalathiso imiselwe ngokusetwa kweparamitha kunye nesixhobo somatshini sokusebenza ngokubuyisela. Logama nje ibhetri yogcino lwento yempendulo yobhaqo iyasebenza, ulwazi lwendawo yereferensi lurekhodwa ngalo lonke ixesha umatshini uqaliswa, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokwenza umsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yereferensi kwakhona.
Indlela yegridi eyongeziweyo: Sebenzisa i-encoder eyongezelekayo okanye irula yokugawula ukubuyela kwindawo yereferensi, kwaye indawo yereferensi yokubuyisela umsebenzi iyafuneka ngalo lonke ixesha umatshini uqaliswa. Ukuthatha umatshini othile wokusila we-CNC (usebenzisa inkqubo ye-FANUC 0i) njengomzekelo, umgaqo kunye nenkqubo yendlela yegridi eyongeziweyo yokubuyela kwindawo engu-zero zezi zilandelayo:
Tshintshela iswitshi yemowudi kwigiya "yereferensi yokubuya", khetha i-axis yereference point return, kwaye ucinezele iqhosha le-jog elilungileyo le-axis. I-axis ihambela kwindawo yesalathisi kwisantya esihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Xa ibhloko ye-deceleration ihamba kunye kunye ne-worktable icinezela phantsi uqhagamshelwano lwe-deceleration switch, isignali yokunciphisa iyatshintsha ukusuka kwi-(ON) ukuya ku-off (OFF). Isondlo sokusebenza sinciphisa kwaye siyaqhubeka sihamba ngesantya esicothayo sokutya esibekwe yiparameters.
Emva kokuba ibhloko ye-deceleration ikhupha i-deceleration switch kunye ne-contact state switch ukusuka kwi-encoder ukuya phambili, inkqubo ye-CNC ilindele ukubonakala komqondiso wokuqala wegridi (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PCZ enye ye-revolution) kwi-encoder. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba lo mqondiso ubonakala, intshukumo ye-worktable iyayeka ngokukhawuleza. Ngelo xesha, inkqubo ye-CNC ithumela isalathisi sokugqiba ukubuyisela uphawu, kwaye isibane sesalathisi sikhanyisa, ebonisa ukuba i-axis yesixhobo somatshini ibuyele ngempumelelo kwindawo yokubhekisela.
Indlela yokutshintsha imagnethi yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi
Inkqubo evulekileyo ye-loop idla ngokusebenzisa i-magnetic induction switch kwi-reference point yokubuyisela indawo. Ukuthatha i-lathe ethile ye-CNC njengomzekelo, umgaqo kunye nenkqubo yendlela yokutshintsha imagnethi yokubuyela kwindawo yesalathiso zezi zilandelayo:
Amanyathelo amabini okuqala afana namanyathelo okusebenza kwendlela yegridi yokubuyisela inqaku lereferensi.
Emva kokuba ibhloko ye-deceleration ikhupha i-deceleration switch kunye ne-contact state switch from off to on, inkqubo ye-CNC ilindele ukubonakala kwesiginali yokutshintshwa kwe-induction. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba lo mqondiso ubonakala, intshukumo ye-worktable iyayeka ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo ye-CNC ithumela isignali yokubuyisela isalathisi, kwaye isibane sesalathisi sikhanyisa, ebonisa ukuba isixhobo somatshini sibuyele ngempumelelo kwindawo yokubhekisela kwi-axis.
III. I-Fault Diagnosis kunye noHlalutyo lwe-CNC Machine Tools Return to Reference Point
Xa iphoso lenzeka kwindawo yereferensi yokubuya kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, uhlolo olubanzi kufuneka lwenziwe ngokomgaqo ukusuka kokulula ukuya kubunzima.
(A) Iimpazamo ngaphandle kwe-alamu
Ukutenxa kumgama osisigxina wegridi
Imeko yempazamo: Xa isixhobo somatshini siqaliswa kwaye indawo yesalathiso ibuyiswa ngesandla okokuqala, iyaphambuka kwindawo yereferensi ngomgama omnye okanye emininzi yegridi, kwaye imigama yokutenxa elandelayo ilungiswa ngexesha ngalinye.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Ngokuqhelekileyo, indawo yebhloko ye-deceleration ayilunganga, ubude bebhloko yokunciphisa i-deceleration bufutshane kakhulu, okanye indawo yokutshintsha i-proximity switch esetyenziselwa i-reference point ayifanelekanga. Olu hlobo lwempazamo lwenzeka ngokubanzi emva kokuba isixhobo somatshini sifakiwe kwaye salungiswa okokuqala okanye emva kohlengahlengiso olukhulu.
Isisombululo: Indawo yebhloko yokunciphisa isantya okanye iswitshi yokusondela ingahlengahlengiswa, kwaye isantya sokutya okukhawulezayo kunye nexesha lokutya elikhawulezayo eliqhubekayo lokubuyela kwindawo yereferensi nako kungahlengahlengiswa.
Ukutenxa kwisikhundla esingaqhelekanga okanye kwi-offset encinci
Imeko yempazamo: Ukuphambuka kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendawo yesalathiso, ixabiso lokutenxa liyi-random okanye lincinci, kwaye umgama wokutenxa awulingani ngexesha ngalinye umsebenzi wokubuyisela isalathisi.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
Ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, okufana nokubekwa phantsi komgangatho wentambo yokukhusela, kunye nomgca wesignali we-pulse encoder usondele kakhulu kwi-high-voltage cable.
Umbane wombane osetyenziswa yi-pulse encoder okanye irula yokugawula iphantsi kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-4.75V) okanye kukho impazamo.
Ibhodi yokulawula iyunithi yokulawula isantya ayilungile.
Ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-axis yokutya kunye ne-servo motor kukhululekile.
Isidibanisi sentambo sinoqhagamshelwano olubi okanye intambo yonakele.
Isisombululo: Amanyathelo ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ngokwezizathu ezahlukeneyo, njengokuphucula umgangatho, ukujonga ukunikezelwa kwamandla, ukutshintshwa kwebhodi yokulawula, ukuqinisa ukudibanisa, kunye nokujonga ikhebula.
(B) Iimpazamo nge-alam
Ngaphezulu-i-alam yokuhamba ebangelwa kukungabikho ntshukumo yokunciphisa
Into ephosakeleyo: Xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, akukho senzo sokunciphisa, kwaye sihlala sihamba de sithinte umda wokutshintshela kwaye siyeke ngenxa yokugqithisa - ukuhamba. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okubhekiselele ekubuyweni kwenqaku akukhanyi, kwaye inkqubo ye-CNC ibonisa "AKULUNGILE" isimo.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Ukutshintshwa kwe-deceleration ye-reference point return kuphumelela, umnxibelelwano wokutshintsha awukwazi ukusetwa kwakhona emva kokuba ucinezele phantsi, okanye ibhloko yokunciphisa i-deceleration ikhululekile kwaye ikhutshwe, ibangele i-zero - point pulse ingasebenzi xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, kwaye isignali yokunciphisa ayikwazi ukufakwa kwinkqubo ye-CNC.
Isixazululo: Sebenzisa iqhosha lomsebenzi elithi "over - travel release release" ukukhulula ulungelelwaniso ngaphaya - ukuhamba kwesixhobo somatshini, ukuhambisa isixhobo somatshini emva koluhlu lokuhamba, uze ukhangele ukuba i-deceleration switch kwi-reference point return ikhululekile kwaye ingaba umgca wesignali wokunciphisa ukuhamba ohambelanayo unomjikelezo omfutshane okanye isiphaluka esivulekileyo.
I-alam ebangelwa kukungafumani indawo yesalathiso emva kokuncipha
Imeko yempazamo: Kukho ukuncipha ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi, kodwa iyayeka ide ichukumise ukutshintshwa komda kunye nee-alamu, kwaye indawo yereferensi ayifumaneki, kwaye umsebenzi wokubuyisela isalathisi awuphumelelanga.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
I-encoder (okanye irula yokugaya) ayithumeli uphawu lweflegi enguziro ebonisa ukuba indawo yereferensi ibuyisiwe ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yesalathisi.
Indawo yenqaku elinguziro yembuyekezo yenqaku lesalathiso ayiphumeleli.
Isignali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya ilahlekile ngexesha logqithiso okanye ukusetyenzwa.
Kukho ukungaphumeleli kwe-hardware kwinkqubo yokulinganisa, kwaye isibonakaliso seflegi engu-0 ye-reference point return ayibonwa.
Isisombululo: Sebenzisa indlela yokulandelela umqondiso kwaye usebenzise i-oscilloscope ukujonga isignali yeflegi enguziro yendawo yereferensi yekhowudi yokubuya ukuze ugwebe unobangela wempazamo kwaye wenze inkqubo ehambelanayo.
I-alam ebangelwa kukungachaneki kwendawo yesalathiso
Imeko yempazamo: Kukho ukwehla ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi, kwaye isignali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya ibonakala, kwaye kukho nenkqubo yokuqhobosha ukuya ku-zero, kodwa indawo yendawo yesalathiso ayichanekanga, kwaye umsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yesalathiso uyasilela.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
Umqondiso weflegi onguziro wenqaku lereferensi yokubuya uphoswe, kwaye inkqubo yokulinganisa ingafumana lo mqondiso kwaye imise kuphela emva kokuba i-encoder ye-pulse ijikeleze enye i-revolution, ukuze i-worktable ime kwindawo kumgama okhethiweyo ukusuka kwindawo yesalathisi.
Ibhloko ye-deceleration isondele kakhulu kwindawo yesalathisi, kwaye i-axis yokulungelelanisa iyayeka xa ingakhange ihambe kumgama ochaziweyo kwaye ichukumise umda wokutshintsha.
Ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokuphazamiseka komqondiso, ibhloko exengaxengayo, kunye nombane ophantsi kakhulu wesiginali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya, indawo apho itafile yokuma ime khona ayichanekanga kwaye ayinakuqhelaniswa.
Isisombululo: Inkqubo ngokwezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokulungelelanisa indawo yebhloko yokunciphisa, ukuphelisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali, ukuqinisa ibhloko, kunye nokujonga umbane wesignali.
Ialam ibangwe kukungabuyi kwindawo yereferensi ngenxa yotshintsho lweparameter
Imeko yempazamo: Xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yesalathiso, sithumela i-alarm "engabuyiswanga kwindawo yesalathiso", kwaye isixhobo somatshini asiphumezi isenzo sokubuyisela isalathisi.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Inokuthi ibangelwe kukutshintsha iiparitha ezimiselweyo, ezifana nomlinganiselo womyalelo wokukhulisa (CMR), umlinganiselo wokubona ukukhulisa (DMR), isantya sokutya okukhawulezayo sokubuyela kwindawo yereferensi, isantya sokuthomalalisa kufutshane nemvelaphi simiselwe ku-zero, okanye ukutshintshwa kokukhulisa ngokukhawuleza kunye neswitshi yokukhulisa ukondla kwiphaneli yokusebenza yomatshini isetelwe kwi-0%.
Isisombululo: Jonga kwaye ulungise iiparamitha ezifanelekileyo.
IV. Ukuqukumbela
Inqaku lereferensi libuyisela iimpazamo zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC ikakhulu zibandakanya iimeko ezimbini: ukungaphumeleli kokubuyisela indawo yokubhekisela kunye ne-alarm kunye ne-reference point drift ngaphandle kwe-alamu. Ngeziphoso nge-alamu, inkqubo ye-CNC ayiyi kuqhuba inkqubo yomatshini, enokuphepha ukuveliswa kwenani elikhulu leenkunkuma; ngelixa i-reference point drift fault ngaphandle kwe-alam kulula ukungahoywa, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwinkunkuma yeemveliso zamalungu alungisiweyo okanye inani elikhulu lenkunkuma.
Ngoomatshini beziko lomatshini, kuba oomatshini abaninzi basebenzisa indawo yesalathiso ye-axis yolungelelwaniso njengendawo yokutshintsha isixhobo, iimpazamo zokubuyiswa kweereferensi zilula ukuba zenzeke ngexesha lokusebenza kwexesha elide, ngakumbi i-non-alarm reference point drift faults. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba usete inqaku lesibini kwaye usebenzise umyalelo we-G30 X0 Y0 Z0 kunye nesikhundla kumgama othile ukusuka kwindawo yokubhekisela. Nangona oku kuzisa ubunzima obuthile kuyilo lwemagazini yesixhobo kunye ne-manipulator, inokunciphisa kakhulu inqanaba lokungaphumeleli kwereferensi kunye nenqanaba lokungaphumeleli kwesixhobo esizenzekelayo kwisixhobo somatshini, kwaye kufuneka imbuyekezo enye kuphela xa isixhobo somatshini siqaliswa.
I-Abstract: Eli phepha lihlalutya ngokunzulu umgaqo wesixhobo somatshini we-CNC obuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, ukugubungela ivaliwe - i-loop, i-semi - ivaliwe - i-loop kunye ne-open - loop systems. Ngokusebenzisa imizekelo ethile, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubuyiswa kweempazamo ze-CNC izixhobo zomatshini zixutyushwa ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa ukuxilongwa kwephutha, iindlela zokuhlalutya kunye nezicwangciso zokuphelisa, kunye neengcebiso zokuphucula zibekwe phambili kwisixhobo sokutshintsha isixhobo sesixhobo somatshini weziko lomatshini.
I. Intshayelelo
Umsebenzi wokubuyisela inqaku lereferensi yencwadana iyimfuneko yokuseka inkqubo yokulungelelanisa isixhobo somatshini. Isenzo sokuqala sezixhobo ezininzi zoomatshini be-CNC emva kokuqalisa kukusebenza ngesandla imbuyekezo yendawo yesalathiso. Iimpazamo zokubuyisela indawo yereferensi ziya kuthintela ukuqhubekekiswa kwenkqubo ekuqhutyweni, kwaye iindawo ezingachanekanga zezalathiso ziyakuchaphazela ukuchaneka komatshini kwaye zibangele nengozi yontlitheko. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlalutya kunye nokuphelisa iimpazamo zokubuya kweereferensi.
II. Imigaqo ye-CNC yoMshini weZixhobo eziBuyisela kwiNqanaba lokuBonisa
(A) Ukuhlelwa kwenkqubo
Ivaliwe - inkqubo ye-CNC ye-loop: Ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sempendulo yokufumanisa ukufuduka komgca wokugqibela.
I-Semi - ivaliwe - i-loop ye-CNC inkqubo: Isixhobo sokulinganisa isikhundla sifakwe kwi-shaft ejikelezayo ye-servo motor okanye ekupheleni kwe-screw ekhokelayo, kwaye umqondiso wempendulo uthathwa kwi-angular displacement.
Vula-loop inkqubo ye-CNC: Ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokubona ingxelo yesikhundla.
(B) Iindlela zokubuyisela iingongoma ekubhekiselwa kuzo
Indlela yegridi yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi
Indlela yegridi epheleleyo: Sebenzisa i-absolute pulse encoder okanye irula yokugawula ukubuyela kwindawo yereferensi. Ngexesha lokulungiswa kwesixhobo somatshini, indawo yesalathiso imiselwe ngokusetwa kweparamitha kunye nesixhobo somatshini sokusebenza ngokubuyisela. Logama nje ibhetri yogcino lwento yempendulo yobhaqo iyasebenza, ulwazi lwendawo yereferensi lurekhodwa ngalo lonke ixesha umatshini uqaliswa, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokwenza umsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yereferensi kwakhona.
Indlela yegridi eyongeziweyo: Sebenzisa i-encoder eyongezelekayo okanye irula yokugawula ukubuyela kwindawo yereferensi, kwaye indawo yereferensi yokubuyisela umsebenzi iyafuneka ngalo lonke ixesha umatshini uqaliswa. Ukuthatha umatshini othile wokusila we-CNC (usebenzisa inkqubo ye-FANUC 0i) njengomzekelo, umgaqo kunye nenkqubo yendlela yegridi eyongeziweyo yokubuyela kwindawo engu-zero zezi zilandelayo:
Tshintshela iswitshi yemowudi kwigiya "yereferensi yokubuya", khetha i-axis yereference point return, kwaye ucinezele iqhosha le-jog elilungileyo le-axis. I-axis ihambela kwindawo yesalathisi kwisantya esihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Xa ibhloko ye-deceleration ihamba kunye kunye ne-worktable icinezela phantsi uqhagamshelwano lwe-deceleration switch, isignali yokunciphisa iyatshintsha ukusuka kwi-(ON) ukuya ku-off (OFF). Isondlo sokusebenza sinciphisa kwaye siyaqhubeka sihamba ngesantya esicothayo sokutya esibekwe yiparameters.
Emva kokuba ibhloko ye-deceleration ikhupha i-deceleration switch kunye ne-contact state switch ukusuka kwi-encoder ukuya phambili, inkqubo ye-CNC ilindele ukubonakala komqondiso wokuqala wegridi (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PCZ enye ye-revolution) kwi-encoder. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba lo mqondiso ubonakala, intshukumo ye-worktable iyayeka ngokukhawuleza. Ngelo xesha, inkqubo ye-CNC ithumela isalathisi sokugqiba ukubuyisela uphawu, kwaye isibane sesalathisi sikhanyisa, ebonisa ukuba i-axis yesixhobo somatshini ibuyele ngempumelelo kwindawo yokubhekisela.
Indlela yokutshintsha imagnethi yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi
Inkqubo evulekileyo ye-loop idla ngokusebenzisa i-magnetic induction switch kwi-reference point yokubuyisela indawo. Ukuthatha i-lathe ethile ye-CNC njengomzekelo, umgaqo kunye nenkqubo yendlela yokutshintsha imagnethi yokubuyela kwindawo yesalathiso zezi zilandelayo:
Amanyathelo amabini okuqala afana namanyathelo okusebenza kwendlela yegridi yokubuyisela inqaku lereferensi.
Emva kokuba ibhloko ye-deceleration ikhupha i-deceleration switch kunye ne-contact state switch from off to on, inkqubo ye-CNC ilindele ukubonakala kwesiginali yokutshintshwa kwe-induction. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba lo mqondiso ubonakala, intshukumo ye-worktable iyayeka ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo ye-CNC ithumela isignali yokubuyisela isalathisi, kwaye isibane sesalathisi sikhanyisa, ebonisa ukuba isixhobo somatshini sibuyele ngempumelelo kwindawo yokubhekisela kwi-axis.
III. I-Fault Diagnosis kunye noHlalutyo lwe-CNC Machine Tools Return to Reference Point
Xa iphoso lenzeka kwindawo yereferensi yokubuya kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC, uhlolo olubanzi kufuneka lwenziwe ngokomgaqo ukusuka kokulula ukuya kubunzima.
(A) Iimpazamo ngaphandle kwe-alamu
Ukutenxa kumgama osisigxina wegridi
Imeko yempazamo: Xa isixhobo somatshini siqaliswa kwaye indawo yesalathiso ibuyiswa ngesandla okokuqala, iyaphambuka kwindawo yereferensi ngomgama omnye okanye emininzi yegridi, kwaye imigama yokutenxa elandelayo ilungiswa ngexesha ngalinye.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Ngokuqhelekileyo, indawo yebhloko ye-deceleration ayilunganga, ubude bebhloko yokunciphisa i-deceleration bufutshane kakhulu, okanye indawo yokutshintsha i-proximity switch esetyenziselwa i-reference point ayifanelekanga. Olu hlobo lwempazamo lwenzeka ngokubanzi emva kokuba isixhobo somatshini sifakiwe kwaye salungiswa okokuqala okanye emva kohlengahlengiso olukhulu.
Isisombululo: Indawo yebhloko yokunciphisa isantya okanye iswitshi yokusondela ingahlengahlengiswa, kwaye isantya sokutya okukhawulezayo kunye nexesha lokutya elikhawulezayo eliqhubekayo lokubuyela kwindawo yereferensi nako kungahlengahlengiswa.
Ukutenxa kwisikhundla esingaqhelekanga okanye kwi-offset encinci
Imeko yempazamo: Ukuphambuka kuyo nayiphi na indawo yendawo yesalathiso, ixabiso lokutenxa liyi-random okanye lincinci, kwaye umgama wokutenxa awulingani ngexesha ngalinye umsebenzi wokubuyisela isalathisi.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
Ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, okufana nokubekwa phantsi komgangatho wentambo yokukhusela, kunye nomgca wesignali we-pulse encoder usondele kakhulu kwi-high-voltage cable.
Umbane wombane osetyenziswa yi-pulse encoder okanye irula yokugawula iphantsi kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-4.75V) okanye kukho impazamo.
Ibhodi yokulawula iyunithi yokulawula isantya ayilungile.
Ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-axis yokutya kunye ne-servo motor kukhululekile.
Isidibanisi sentambo sinoqhagamshelwano olubi okanye intambo yonakele.
Isisombululo: Amanyathelo ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ngokwezizathu ezahlukeneyo, njengokuphucula umgangatho, ukujonga ukunikezelwa kwamandla, ukutshintshwa kwebhodi yokulawula, ukuqinisa ukudibanisa, kunye nokujonga ikhebula.
(B) Iimpazamo nge-alam
Ngaphezulu-i-alam yokuhamba ebangelwa kukungabikho ntshukumo yokunciphisa
Into ephosakeleyo: Xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, akukho senzo sokunciphisa, kwaye sihlala sihamba de sithinte umda wokutshintshela kwaye siyeke ngenxa yokugqithisa - ukuhamba. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okubhekiselele ekubuyweni kwenqaku akukhanyi, kwaye inkqubo ye-CNC ibonisa "AKULUNGILE" isimo.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Ukutshintshwa kwe-deceleration ye-reference point return kuphumelela, umnxibelelwano wokutshintsha awukwazi ukusetwa kwakhona emva kokuba ucinezele phantsi, okanye ibhloko yokunciphisa i-deceleration ikhululekile kwaye ikhutshwe, ibangele i-zero - point pulse ingasebenzi xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yokubhekisela, kwaye isignali yokunciphisa ayikwazi ukufakwa kwinkqubo ye-CNC.
Isixazululo: Sebenzisa iqhosha lomsebenzi elithi "over - travel release release" ukukhulula ulungelelwaniso ngaphaya - ukuhamba kwesixhobo somatshini, ukuhambisa isixhobo somatshini emva koluhlu lokuhamba, uze ukhangele ukuba i-deceleration switch kwi-reference point return ikhululekile kwaye ingaba umgca wesignali wokunciphisa ukuhamba ohambelanayo unomjikelezo omfutshane okanye isiphaluka esivulekileyo.
I-alam ebangelwa kukungafumani indawo yesalathiso emva kokuncipha
Imeko yempazamo: Kukho ukuncipha ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi, kodwa iyayeka ide ichukumise ukutshintshwa komda kunye nee-alamu, kwaye indawo yereferensi ayifumaneki, kwaye umsebenzi wokubuyisela isalathisi awuphumelelanga.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
I-encoder (okanye irula yokugaya) ayithumeli uphawu lweflegi enguziro ebonisa ukuba indawo yereferensi ibuyisiwe ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yesalathisi.
Indawo yenqaku elinguziro yembuyekezo yenqaku lesalathiso ayiphumeleli.
Isignali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya ilahlekile ngexesha logqithiso okanye ukusetyenzwa.
Kukho ukungaphumeleli kwe-hardware kwinkqubo yokulinganisa, kwaye isibonakaliso seflegi engu-0 ye-reference point return ayibonwa.
Isisombululo: Sebenzisa indlela yokulandelela umqondiso kwaye usebenzise i-oscilloscope ukujonga isignali yeflegi enguziro yendawo yereferensi yekhowudi yokubuya ukuze ugwebe unobangela wempazamo kwaye wenze inkqubo ehambelanayo.
I-alam ebangelwa kukungachaneki kwendawo yesalathiso
Imeko yempazamo: Kukho ukwehla ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela indawo yereferensi, kwaye isignali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya ibonakala, kwaye kukho nenkqubo yokuqhobosha ukuya ku-zero, kodwa indawo yendawo yesalathiso ayichanekanga, kwaye umsebenzi wokubuyisela indawo yesalathiso uyasilela.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu:
Umqondiso weflegi onguziro wenqaku lereferensi yokubuya uphoswe, kwaye inkqubo yokulinganisa ingafumana lo mqondiso kwaye imise kuphela emva kokuba i-encoder ye-pulse ijikeleze enye i-revolution, ukuze i-worktable ime kwindawo kumgama okhethiweyo ukusuka kwindawo yesalathisi.
Ibhloko ye-deceleration isondele kakhulu kwindawo yesalathisi, kwaye i-axis yokulungelelanisa iyayeka xa ingakhange ihambe kumgama ochaziweyo kwaye ichukumise umda wokutshintsha.
Ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokuphazamiseka komqondiso, ibhloko exengaxengayo, kunye nombane ophantsi kakhulu wesiginali yeflegi enguziro yenqaku lereferensi yokubuya, indawo apho itafile yokuma ime khona ayichanekanga kwaye ayinakuqhelaniswa.
Isisombululo: Inkqubo ngokwezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokulungelelanisa indawo yebhloko yokunciphisa, ukuphelisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali, ukuqinisa ibhloko, kunye nokujonga umbane wesignali.
Ialam ibangwe kukungabuyi kwindawo yereferensi ngenxa yotshintsho lweparameter
Imeko yempazamo: Xa isixhobo somatshini sibuyela kwindawo yesalathiso, sithumela i-alarm "engabuyiswanga kwindawo yesalathiso", kwaye isixhobo somatshini asiphumezi isenzo sokubuyisela isalathisi.
Uhlalutyo lwesizathu: Inokuthi ibangelwe kukutshintsha iiparitha ezimiselweyo, ezifana nomlinganiselo womyalelo wokukhulisa (CMR), umlinganiselo wokubona ukukhulisa (DMR), isantya sokutya okukhawulezayo sokubuyela kwindawo yereferensi, isantya sokuthomalalisa kufutshane nemvelaphi simiselwe ku-zero, okanye ukutshintshwa kokukhulisa ngokukhawuleza kunye neswitshi yokukhulisa ukondla kwiphaneli yokusebenza yomatshini isetelwe kwi-0%.
Isisombululo: Jonga kwaye ulungise iiparamitha ezifanelekileyo.
IV. Ukuqukumbela
Inqaku lereferensi libuyisela iimpazamo zezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC ikakhulu zibandakanya iimeko ezimbini: ukungaphumeleli kokubuyisela indawo yokubhekisela kunye ne-alarm kunye ne-reference point drift ngaphandle kwe-alamu. Ngeziphoso nge-alamu, inkqubo ye-CNC ayiyi kuqhuba inkqubo yomatshini, enokuphepha ukuveliswa kwenani elikhulu leenkunkuma; ngelixa i-reference point drift fault ngaphandle kwe-alam kulula ukungahoywa, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwinkunkuma yeemveliso zamalungu alungisiweyo okanye inani elikhulu lenkunkuma.
Ngoomatshini beziko lomatshini, kuba oomatshini abaninzi basebenzisa indawo yesalathiso ye-axis yolungelelwaniso njengendawo yokutshintsha isixhobo, iimpazamo zokubuyiswa kweereferensi zilula ukuba zenzeke ngexesha lokusebenza kwexesha elide, ngakumbi i-non-alarm reference point drift faults. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba usete inqaku lesibini kwaye usebenzise umyalelo we-G30 X0 Y0 Z0 kunye nesikhundla kumgama othile ukusuka kwindawo yokubhekisela. Nangona oku kuzisa ubunzima obuthile kuyilo lwemagazini yesixhobo kunye ne-manipulator, inokunciphisa kakhulu inqanaba lokungaphumeleli kwereferensi kunye nenqanaba lokungaphumeleli kwesixhobo esizenzekelayo kwisixhobo somatshini, kwaye kufuneka imbuyekezo enye kuphela xa isixhobo somatshini siqaliswa.