UHlelo lwe-GB yoVavanyo lokuchaneka kweJiyometri yaMaziko oMatshini
Ukuchaneka kwejometri yeziko lomatshini luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa ukuchaneka komatshini kunye nomgangatho. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukusebenza kunye nokuchaneka kweziko lomatshini lihlangabezana nemigangatho kazwelonke, uchungechunge lweemvavanyo zokuchaneka kwejometri luyafuneka. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ulwahlulo lwemigangatho yelizwe yokuvavanya ukuchaneka kwejometri yamaziko omatshini.
1. Ukuthe tye kwe-axis
I-axis verticality ibhekisa kwiqondo lokuthe nkqo phakathi kwee-asi zeziko lomatshini. Oku kubandakanya ukuma phakathi kwe-axis yokusonta kunye netafile yokusebenza, kunye nokuma phakathi kwee-axes zolungelelwaniso. Ukuchaneka kokuchaneka ngokuthe ngqo kuchaphazela imilo kunye nokuchaneka kwe-dimensional yamacandelo omatshini.
2. Ukuthe tye
Ukuhlolwa kokuchaneka kubandakanya ukuchaneka komgca othe ngqo we-axis yolungelelaniso. Oku kubandakanya ukuchaneka komzila wesikhokelo, ukuthe tye kwebhentshi yokusebenzela, njl.
3, Ukucaba
Ukuhlolwa kwe-flatness kugxininise kakhulu kwi-flatness ye-workbench kunye neminye imiphezulu. I-flatness ye-workbench inokuchaphazela ukufakwa kunye nokuchaneka kwe-machining ye-workpiece, ngelixa i-flatness yezinye iindiza inokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwesixhobo kunye nomgangatho womatshini.
I-4, i-Coaxiality
I-Coaxiality ibhekisa kwiqondo apho i-axis yecandelo elijikelezayo idibana kunye ne-reference axis, efana ne-coaxiality phakathi kwe-spindle kunye nomphathi wesixhobo. Ukuchaneka kwe-coaxiality kubalulekile kumatshini ojikelezayo onesantya esiphezulu kunye nomatshini wokwenza umngxuma ochanekileyo.
5. Ukuhambelana
Uvavanyo lweParallelism lubandakanya ubudlelwane phakathi kwee-axes ezilungelelanisiweyo, ezifana nokuhambelana kwee-axes zika-X, Y, no-Z. Ukuchaneka kwe-parallelism kuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa kunye nokuchaneka kokuhamba kwe-axis nganye ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-multi-axis machining.
6. Ukukhutshwa kweRadial
Ukukhutshwa kweradial kubhekiselele kumyinge wokubaleka kwelungu elijikelezayo kwicala leradial, okufana nokuphuma kweradial kumsinga wokusonta. Ukukhutshwa kweRadial kunokuchaphazela uburhabaxa kunye nokuchaneka komphezulu womatshini.
7. Ukufuduswa kweAxial
Ukufuduswa kwe-axial kubhekiselele kumyinge wentshukumo yecandelo elijikelezayo kwicala le-axial, njenge-axial displacement ye-spindle. Ukunyakaza kwe-Axial kunokubangela ukungazinzi kwindawo yesixhobo kwaye kuchaphazele ukuchaneka komatshini.
8. Ukuchaneka kokubeka
Ukuchaneka kokumisa kubhekiselele ekuchanekeni kweziko lomatshini kwindawo echaziweyo, kubandakanya impazamo yokubeka kunye nokuphindaphinda ukuchaneka kokumiswa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqhubeni iimilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye namalungu achanekileyo.
9. Umva umahluko
Umahluko obuya umva ubhekisa kumahluko kwimpazamo xa ushukuma kwicala elilungileyo nelibi le-axis yolungelelwaniso. Umahluko omncinci we-reverse unceda ukuphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokuzinza kweziko lomatshini.
Olu lwahlulo lugubungela imiba ephambili yovavanyo lokuchaneka kwejometri kumaziko omatshini. Ngokuhlola ezi zinto, inqanaba lokuchaneka ngokubanzi kweziko lomatshini linokuvavanywa kwaye ingaba lihlangabezana nemigangatho yelizwe kunye neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zobuchwepheshe zinokumiselwa.
Ekuhloleni okusebenzayo, izixhobo zokulinganisa zobuchwephesha kunye nezixhobo ezifana neerula, iikhalitha, i-micrometers, i-laser interferometers, njl. Kwangaxeshanye, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlola kunye nemigangatho esekwe kuhlobo, iinkcukacha, kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kweziko lomatshini.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla ingaba nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuhlola ukuchaneka kwejometri kunye neendlela, kodwa injongo iyonke kukuqinisekisa ukuba iziko lomatshini linokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nobuchule obuthembekileyo bokusebenza. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kwejometri ngokuchanekileyo kunokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweziko lomatshini kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Isishwankathelo, ulwahlulo lomgangatho wesizwe wokuhlolwa kokuchaneka kwejometri yamaziko omatshini abandakanya ukuqina kwe-axis, ukuthe tye, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-axis, i-coaxiality, i-parallelism, i-radial runout, i-axial displacement, ukuchaneka kwendawo, kunye nokwahlukana okubuyela emuva. Olu lwahlulo lunceda ukuvavanya ngokubanzi ukuchaneka kokusebenza kwamaziko omatshini kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ayahlangabezana neemfuno zokwenza izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.