Umatshini nkqoiziko luhlobo lwezixhobo zoomatshini eziphucukileyo, ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yanamhlanje. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide kwiziko lomatshini elimileyo, ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha iindawo zokuhlola kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kweziko lomatshini elithe nkqo, kubandakanywa ukuhlolwa kunye nokutshintshwa kwebrashi yemoto ye-DC, ukutshintshwa kweebhetri zememori, ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lenkqubo yokulawula amanani, kunye nokugcinwa kwebhodi yesekethe yokugcina.
I. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kwebrashi yombane yemoto yeDC
Ibrashi yemoto yeDC yenye yezinto eziphambili kwiziko lomatshini elithe nkqo. Ukunxiba kwayo okugqithisileyo kuya kuba nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwemoto, kwaye kunokubangela nomonakalo wemoto.
Ibrashi yemoto yeDC yeumatshini nkqoiziko kufuneka lijongwe kanye ngonyaka. Xa uhlola, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo ekugqokeni kunye nokukrazula kwebrashi. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba ibrashi igugile kakhulu, kufuneka uyibuyisele kwangethuba. Emva kokutshintshwa kwebrashi, ukwenzela ukuba i-brush surface ihambelane kakuhle nomphezulu we-commutator, kuyimfuneko ukwenza i-motor iqhube emoyeni ixesha elithile.
Imeko yebrashi inempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye nobomi bemoto. Ukugqithisa okugqithisileyo kunye nokukrazuka kwebrashi yombane kunokubangela ezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
Amandla emveliso yemoto ayancipha, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi kwaye ukwandise ilahleko yemoto.
Umkhomba-ndlela ongalunganga wokubuyela umva ukhokelela kukusilela kwemoto.
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kwebrashi kunokuphepha ngokufanelekileyo ezi ngxaki kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwemoto.
II. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kweebhetri zememori
Inkumbulo yeziko lomatshini elithe nkqo ihlala isebenzisa izixhobo ze-RAM ze-CMOS. Ukuze kugcinwe umxholo ogciniweyo ngexesha apho inkqubo yolawulo lwamanani ingasetyenziswanga, kukho isekethe yokugcinwa kwebhetri etshajwayo ngaphakathi.
Nokuba ibhetri ayiphumelelanga, ibhetri kufuneka itshintshwe kube kanye ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo isebenza kakuhle. Umsebenzi oyintloko webhetri kukubonelela ngamandla kwimemori xa amandla enqanyuliwe kwaye agcine iiparitha ezigciniweyo kunye nedatha.
Xa utshintsha ibhetri, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kula manqaku alandelayo:
Ukutshintshwa kwebhetri kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kokunikezelwa kwamandla kwenkqubo yolawulo lwamanani ukuphepha ukulahleka kweeparameters zokugcina.
Emva kokutshintsha ibhetri, kufuneka ukhangele ukuba iiparameters kwimemori zigqityiwe, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungaphinda ufake iiparitha.
Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwebhetri kubalulekile kuzinzo lwenkqubo yolawulo lwamanani. Ukuba ibhetri ayisebenzi, inokubangela ezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
Ukulahleka kweeparamitha zokugcina kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo somatshini.
Kufuneka uphinde ufake iiparameters ukwandisa ixesha lokusebenza kunye nobunzima.
III. Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lenkqubo yokulawula amanani
Ukuze kuphuculwe izinga lokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yolawulo lwamanani kunye nokunciphisa ukungaphumeleli, isikhungo somatshini esithe nkqo kufuneka sisetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo endaweni yokuba singasebenzi ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, inkqubo yokulawula amanani inokuthi ingasebenzi ixesha elide. Kule meko, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kwezi ndawo zilandelayo zokulondoloza:
Inkqubo yolawulo lwamanani kufuneka inikwe amandla rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lemvula xa ubushushu bendawo buphezulu.
Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokuba isixhobo somatshini sitshixiwe (i-servo motor ayijikelezi), vumela inkqubo ye-CNC iqhube emoyeni, kwaye isebenzise ukufudumeza kwamacandelo ombane ngokwabo ukukhupha umswakama kwinkqubo ye-CNC ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuthembekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.
Umbane rhoqo unokuzisa ezi nzuzo zilandelayo:
Thintela umonakalo wokufuma kwizixhobo zombane.
Gcina ukuzinza kwenkqubo kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokungaphumeleli.
Ukuba i-shaft feed kunye ne-spindle yesixhobo somatshini we-CNC iqhutywa yi-motor ye-DC, ibrashi kufuneka isuswe kwi-DC motor ukuphepha ukubola kwe-commutator ngenxa yokubola kweekhemikhali, okubangela ukuba ukusebenza kokuguqulwa kube kubi, kwaye yonke i-motor yonakaliswe.
IV. Ukugcinwa kweebhodi zesekethe ezixhasayo
Ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo ayinakukwazi ukungaphumeleli ixesha elide, ngoko ke ibhodi yesekethe ethengiweyo yogcino kufuneka ifakwe rhoqo kwinkqubo yokulawula amanani kwaye inikwe amandla ixesha elide ukukhusela umonakalo.
Ukugcinwa kwebhodi yesekethe yogcino kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthembekeni kweziko lomatshini elithe nkqo. Oku kulandelayo ngamanqaku aphambili okugcina ibhodi yesekethe yogcino:
Faka rhoqo ibhodi yesekethe yogcino kwinkqubo yokulawula amanani kwaye uyiqhube ngamandla.
Emva kokusebenza ixesha elithile, khangela imo yokusebenza yebhodi yesekethe.
Qinisekisa ukuba ibhodi yesekethe ikwindawo eyomileyo nengena umoya ngexesha lokugcinwa.
Ukushwankathela, ukugcinwa rhoqo kweiziko oomatshini nkqokubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide lezixhobo. Ngokujonga rhoqo kunye nokutshintsha iibrashi zeemoto ze-DC kunye neebhetri zememori, kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwebhodi yesekethe yogcino xa inkqubo ye-CNC ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide, inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo ye-CNC kunye nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kokusilela. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka basebenze ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana neemfuno zolondolozo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuchaneka kwenkquboiziko lomatshini elithe nkqo.